Mental Health Flashcards
What is mental health
State of wellbeing in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make contribution to her or his community
What is mental illness
Any diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that interferes with or limits a persons ability to live, work, learn, and participate fully in his or her community
What do mental and substance use disorders lead to
Disability
Which age range is susceptibility to suicide
15-29 years
When do mostly mental disorders begin
At age 14
What are the social determinants that lead to mental disorders
Poverty
Low levels of education
Rapid social change, stressful work conditions
Gender discrimination
Social exclusion, unhealthy lifestyle, risks of violence, wars
Human rights violation
Exposure to environmental hazards, natural disasters
Psychological and personality contribution to mental disorders
Individual attributes-ability to manage one’s thoughts, emotions, behaviors and interactions with others
Biological factors
Genetic factors contribute to imbalances in chemical in the brain, perinatal infections, physical ill healthy
What kind of injuries does mental disorders contribute to
Intentional and unintentional injury
Eg. HIV, cardiovascular disease, diabetes etc
What are are the challenges with are for mental health
Stigma and discrimination against patient
Misunderstanding and stigma of mental ill health
It is believed mental health is untreatable or people with mental disorder are difficult to treat , or incapable of intelligent and making decisions
Stigma , abuse, rejection and isolation and exclude people from healthcare support
In health system , people are too often treated in institutions which resemble human warehouses rather than places of healing
Physical constraints, seclusion and denial of basic needs and privacy
Inequity in distribution of skilled Human Resources for mental health
Shortage of psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, psychologists and social workers which becomes a barrier in providing treatment and care in LMICs
Limited financial resources to increase services
What are the mental health promotion and protection
Involves actions to create living conditions and environment that support mental health and allow people to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyles. These include a range of actions to increase the chances of more people experiencing better mental health
An environment that respects and protects basic civil, political, socio economic and cultural rights is fundamental to mental health promotion. Without the security and freedom provided by these rights, it is very difficult to maintain a high level of mental health.
National mental health policies should not be solely concerned with mental disorders, but should also recognize and address the broader issues which promote mental health
These include mainstreaming mental health promotion into policies
What are some specific intersectoral strategies for mental disorders
Early childhood interventions
Support for children
Socio-economic empowerment of women
Social support for elderly populations
Programmed targeted at vulnerable groups, including minorities, indigenous people, migrants and people affected by conflict and disasters
Mental health promotional activities in schools
Depression
It’s is characterized by sadness , tiredness, loss of interest , lack of concentration, feeling of guilt or low self esteem , disturbed sleep or appetite
Sufferers may have multiple physical complaints with no apparent physical cause
Depression can be long-lasting or recurrent, substantially impairing people’s ability to function at work or school and to cope with daily life
Early childhood intervention
Home visits for pregnant women, pre-school psycho-social activates, combined nutritional and psycho-social help for disadvantaged population
Support for children
Skills building programmes, child and youth development programmes
