Mental Disorders / Mental Health Act Flashcards
What is FOiP and HIA?
FOIP (Freedom of information and Protection of Privacy)
-Protects privacy by controlling how departments use, collect and disclose info
HIA: (Health Information Act)
- Governs collection, use, and disclosure of health info
- (Dx, Tx, care and registration info)
What are AHS values?
CARES Compassion Accountability Respect Excellence Safety
What is the definition of Mental health vs Mental illness?
Mental health:
Stable emotional well being
Sound decision making
Coping with stressors
Mental illness:
Distortion of thought, memory and perception
Impaired judgment
Unhealthy coping
What is included in risk assessment?
- Suicide
- Homicide
- AWOL
- Abuse
- Protective and risk factors
Care plan for psychotic patient?
- Prevent harm to self or others
- Control disturbed behaviour
- Address precipitating behaviours
- Use clear, simple direction
- Keep environment calm
- Short, frequent interactions
Explain Components of trauma informed care
- Peer support
- Empowerment / choice
- Trust / transparency
- Safety
- Culture, hx, gender issues
What is the definition of trauma informed care
Approach that assumes a person is more likely than not to have hx of trauma
-Recognize trauma symptoms play a role in their life
What is harm reduction?
- Not focused on abstinence
- Minimizes risks
- focused on education, resources, and non-judgemental care
- Equipment for safer use
- Supervised injection sites
- Take home naloxone kits
How to you ensure confidentiality?
- Collect, use and disclose info only as required for professional responsibilities
- Disclose into to appropriate authority if there is risk
- Ensure not to disclose info on internet
When to wash hands?
- Before care or pt contact
- Before clean or aseptic procedures
- After exposure to bodily fluids
- After pt contact or pt environment
- Before and after eating or using washroom
What are signs / symptoms of depression?
o S: Sleep changes o I: Interest (loss) o G: Guilt (worthlessness) o E: Energy (lack of) o C: Cognition/Concentration o A: Appetite/Weight loss o P: Psychomotor agitation or retardation o S: Suicidal thoughts
What are signs / symptoms of mania ?
DIG FAST
Distractibility, indiscretion, grandiosity, flight of ideas, activity increase, sleep deficit, talkativeness
What are the signs / symptoms of schizophrenia?
Positive symptoms: Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized thoughts / behaviours Abnormal Motor behaviour (ex Catatonic)
Negative Symptoms: Decreased functionality Lack of hygiene Lack of facial expression Anhedonia (Loss of interest in activites)
What are the criteria for formal status under MHA?
1) Is suffering from mental disorder
2) Has the potential to benefit from treatment for the mental disorder
3) Within a reasonable time, is likely to cause harm to others or to suffer negative effects, including substancial mental or physical deterioration or senior physical impairment, as result of or related to the mental disorder
4) Is unsuitable for admission to a facility other than as a formal patient,
What are the components of the MSE?
- General appearance / grooming / hygiene
- Affect
- Speech
- Thought process
- Thought content
- Perceptual disturbances / reality testing
- Suicidal or homicidal ideation
- Behavior
- Insight / judgement
What is the difference between delirium and dementia?
Delirium is caused by acute illness or drug toxicity (sometimes life threatening) and is often reversible.
Dementia is typically caused by anatomic changes in the brain, has slower onset, and is generally irreversible.
What is the difference between Obsession and Compulsions?
Obsession: Repetitive, unwelcomed irrational thoughts that are imposed on a pts consciousness
Compulsions: Repetitive stereotyped behaviours that a pt feels impelled to perform ritualistically.
What is the difference between Delusional disorder and Schizophrenia?
Delusional disorder is solely delusions themselves, they would have a fixed belief that does not change, even when a person is presented with conflicting evidence. The type of delusions are non bizarre. Still functional in society for the most part
Schizophrenia is more high profile with hallucinations and negative symptoms that impact functioning
Types of delusions?
Primary (Thought insertions, broadcasting, world destruction)
Secondary (based on other psychological experiences)
Persecutory, jealousy, guilt, paranoid
Ideas of reference (Being followed by a car)
Ideas of influence (Belief they caused an unrelated event to happen)
MSE: What do you look for in pt appearance?
Stated age, clothing, anything ill fitted, level of hygiene, grooming, gait, eye contact
MSE: What do you look for in behaviour?
appropriate, cooperative, guarded, preoccupied, impulsive, agitated
MSE: What do you look for in speech?
rate, volume, quality, hesitant, slurred
MSE: What do you look for in affect?
Blunted (reduced in intensity), restricted (limited expression), constricted (subdued or shallow) flat, labile
MSE: What do you look for in thought process?
Circumstantial, clang association, loose association, tangential, thought blocking, word salad
MSE: What do you look for in thought content?
Poverty of thought, flight of ideas, racing thoughts, hallucinations, delusions, ruminations, obsessions / compulsions, suicidal or homicidal ideation.
MSE: What do you look for in cognition?
Alertness, orientation (person place and time), insight, judgement, abstract reasoning
What are risk factors of depression/suicide?
Previous suicide attempt Abuse - emotional, physical, substance abuse Social isolation Criminal / legal problems. Financial problems /job loss. Impulsive or aggressive tendencies. Male, divorced, middle aged
Steps for de-esculation?
Respect personal space Do not provoke Be concise Identify wants and feelings Listen closely to what pt is saying Set clear limits Offer choices and optimism Debrief with staff
