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Women's Health GYN > Menstruation > Flashcards

Menstruation Flashcards

1
Q

What is menorrhagia?

A

Prolonged (7d+) or excessive (80mLs+ per cycle) occurring at regular intervals

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2
Q

Average blood loss per menstrual cycle?

A

35mLs per cycle

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3
Q

What is metrorrhagia?

A

Irregular cycle and more frequent

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4
Q

What is menometrorrhagia?

A

Prolonged or excessive bleeding occurring at irregular and more frequent intervals

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5
Q

What is metros taxis?

A

Acute, very heavy bleed

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6
Q

Ddx of vaginal bleeding?

A

AUB
Systemic: endocrine, bleeding disorders, liver disease)
Adenomyosis
Fibroids
Polyps
Inection
Carcinoma
Iatrogenic
Pregnancy

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7
Q

What are the uterine and local causes of AUB?

A

Myometrium: fibroids, adenomyosis
Endometrium: polyps, hyperplasia, carcima, endometritis, IUD
Cervix: polyps, Ca
Ovarian pathology

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8
Q

RFx for fibroids?

A

Nulliparity
Obesity
+ve FHx

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9
Q

Symptoms of fibroids?

A

Mostly asymptomatic

Pressure
Frequency (urinary)
Menstrual disturbance
Pregnancy issues
Pain: if necrosis, torsion

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10
Q

What is adenomyosis?

A

Endometrial glands within myometrium

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11
Q

CFx of adenomyosis?

A

Multiparous; 30s/40s
Menorrhagia
Dysmenorrhoea
Bulky, tender uterus

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12
Q

Ix (Imaging) of choice in adenomyosis diagnosis?

A

MRI

USS is insensitive

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13
Q

Mx (Management) adenomyosis?

A

Induce amenorrhoea with hormonal treatment
GnRH analogues
Mirena
Hysterectomy

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14
Q

Iatrogenic causes of AUB?

A

OCP
Depot provera
Implanon
IUD
Anticoagulation
Chemotherapy (thrombocytopenia)

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15
Q

Bimanual exam features of adenomyosis?

A

Large, tender, globular uterus

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16
Q

Medical Mx of HMB (heavy menstrual bleeding)?

A

Treat cause
A. Non Hormonal: PG inhibitors, anti-fibrinolytics
B. Hormonal: OCP, depot provera, GnRH analogues
C. Procedural: Mirena

17
Q

Most common cause of teenagers with HMB?

A

Anovulatory DUB (80% ovulatory 3y after menarche)

18
Q

Hx to elicit when evlaluating HMB?

A

Age
Parity
LNMP and ?preg
frequency / vol / pattern
Impact on QoL
Comorbidities (diabetes, obesity, PCOS, thyroid disease, bleeding disorders)
Pelvic pain or pressure
Fhx: endometriosis, endometrial or bowel cancer

19
Q
A

Women's Health GYN (3 decks)

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