mens health

Question 1

prostate

Answer 1

gland that makes semen

Question 2

symptoms of prostate cancer

Answer 2

Urgency to pee
Straining while you pee
Feeling that your bladder is not fully empty
Blood in urine

Question 3

prostate cancer

Answer 3

cells begin to grow in a uncontrolled way causes changes in urination and potential pain

Question 4

prostatitis

Answer 4

Inflammation of the prostate-can affect any age.Affects urination and causes discomfort.

Question 5

enlarged prostate

Answer 5

Increases size of prostate which causes change in urination.

Question 6

how tot test for prostate cancer

Answer 6

Blood tests (PSA) [ 👍early detection/ treatment] [ 😡false positives and negatives
Digital Rectal Examination
MRI
Biopsy

Question 7

watchful waiting vs active surveillance

Answer 7

1-aimed at people who are not suitable for/don’t want to receive treatment and instead involves the deferred use of hormone therapy.
2- aimed at people who are suitable for radical treatment or tumours are showing signs of progressing or want it.

Question 8

radical treatments

Answer 8

Radical prostatectomy- surgical removal of the entire prostate gland
External beam radiotherapy- ionizing radiation directed at tumor outside the person
Brachytherapy- radiation is given using either permanently implanted radioactive seeds or temporarily inserted radioactive sources into the prostate.

Question 9

other treatments

Answer 9

Hormonal therapy = Androgen deprivation- a treatment that lowers testosterone levels
Chemotherapy- an option for men with hormone-relapsed metastatic disease.
Bisphosphonates = calcium-regulated drugs which inhibit bone resorption, used in the treatment of hypercalcemia,osteoporosis, and bone pain. It should be offered to people who are having androgen deprivation therapy and have osteoporosis.

Question 10

erectile dysfunction (ED)

Answer 10

The persistent inability to attain/maintain an erection sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual performance.

Question 11

which certain medicines can cause it

Answer 11

Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Diuretics - increase production of urine/ treat high blood pressure,heart failure,kidney disease
Antihypertensives
Anticonvulsants

Question 12

risk factors for ED

Answer 12

Peyronie’s disease(distortion or curvature of the penis)
Priapism (inflammation of the penis)
Depression
Alcohol
Lack of sexual knowledge
Poor sexual techniques
Inadequate interpersonal relationships
Smoking

Question 13

lifestyle changes can help improve it

Answer 13

Losing weight
Reducing smoking
Reducing alcohol
Not taking drugs
Regular exercise
Reducing stress

Question 14

medication for ED

Answer 14

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are the most widely used/effective medication for erectile dysfunction.This works by temporarily increasing the blood flow to your penis.
Sildenafil (viagra) 8hrs
Tadalafil 36 hrs-works for longer
Vardenafil 8hrs
Avanafil 8hrs

Question 15

side effects of ED med

Answer 15

headaches/migraines
-flushing
-indigestion
-nausea
-vomiting
-back pain
-vision disturbances
-muscle pain

Question 16

side effects of medication

Answer 16

Unstable angina or angina occurring during sexual intercourse.
Regular or intermittent use of nitrates in any form —risk of severe, life-threatening hypotension
Hypotension (systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg).
Recent history of myocardial infarction
Recent history of stroke
Heart failure
Uncontrolled arrhythmias
Uncontrolled hypertension
Severe hepatic impairment
Renal impairment

Question 17

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Answer 17

Prostate gets larger and large discrete nodules compresses the urethra.

Question 18

symptoms of BPH

Answer 18

hesitancy during urination, interrupted or decreased urine stream,nocturia,incomplete voiding and urinary retention.

Question 19

risk factors of BPH

Answer 19

40+ yrs
Family history of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Medical conditions such as obesity, heart and circulatory disease and type 2 DM
Lack of physical exercise
Erectile Dysfunction

Question 20

lifestyle changes for BPH

Answer 20

-Reducing intake of liquids, particularly before going out in public or
before periods of sleep
-Avoiding or reducing intake of caffeinated beverages and alcohol
-Avoiding or monitoring the use of medications such as decongestants,
antihistamines, antidepressants, and diuretics
-Exercising pelvic floor muscles
-Preventing or treating constipation

Question 21

treatment for BPH

Answer 21

if lifestyle changes don’t work they could be given
alpha blockers
5-alpha reductase inhibitors
anticholinergics
diuretics

Question 22

male pattern baldness

Answer 22

This process shortens the hair growth phase and reduces the size of hair follicles.
-Over time, thicker, pigmented hairs are replaced by smaller, finer hairs.

Question 23

diagnosis of male pattern baldness

Answer 23

Rapid onset of hair loss
Temporal hair thinning
Inflammation, papules or pustules, scaling, or scarring of the scalp
Absent or reduced eyebrows or eyelashes
Systemic disease, such as a recent severe infection, iron deficiency, or hypothyroidism
Exposure to medication
Change in dietary habits

Question 24

treatment of male pattern baldness

Answer 24

steroid injections/creams
immunotherapy
light treatment
tattooing
hair transplant
scalp reduction surgery
artificial hair transplant