Menopause and HRT

Question 1

average age and diagnosis of menopause

Answer 1

51
1 year of amenorrhoea

caused instantly if ovaries are removed

Question 2

perimenopause symptoms

Answer 2

irregular periods before menopause
hot flushes
sweats
mood swings/v Libido
urogenital atrophy - dyspareunia, UTIs, PMB
joint/muscle pain

Question 3

long term effects of menopause

Answer 3

osteoporosis
increased lipids
dementia linked to early menopause

oestrogen has a role in keeping blood flow to the brain - so if low - neuro symptoms, mood swings etc

Question 4

premature ovarian sufficiency

Answer 4

before 40
high FSH - 2 samples 24 weeks apart

oestrogen replacement until 51
testosterone gel
donor egg for pregnancy

Question 5

menopause and contraception. What is needed

Answer 5

if menopausal before 50 - 2 years of contraception

if after 50 - 1 year of contraception

Question 6

HRT - who gets what

Answer 6

if you have a uterus - oestrogen + progesterone
if you dont just oestrogen is ok

if just a bit of vaginal dryness - oestrogen gel can work

Question 7

HRT increases risks of what?

Answer 7

breast cancer
VTE - transdermal patches better to reduce this risk
CVD
stroke