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PAEDIATRICS > MENINGITIS > Flashcards

MENINGITIS Flashcards

1
Q

What is meningitis?

A
  1. An inflammation of the Leptomeninges.
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2
Q

What are some risk factors of Meningitis in children ?

A
  1. HIV infection
  2. Over crowding
  3. Respiratory infections
  4. O.M
  5. Hemoglobinopathies
  6. Head trauma
  7. Mastoiditis
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3
Q

Aspect is meningitis refers to meningitis caused by viruses ? T/F

A

True

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4
Q

What are some common aetiological agents of meningitis in children ?

A
  1. Neonates : Group B streptococcus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter
  2. Infants and Children : S. Pneumoniae, N. Meningitidis
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5
Q

First step in managing meningitis in children ?

A

Admit patient

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6
Q

1st line treatment of Meningitis in neonates is ?

A
  1. Benzyl Penicillin and Gentamicin (IV) for x 14/ 7
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7
Q

2nd line treatment of Meningitis in Children ?

A

Cefotaxime (Ciprofloxacin) and Cloxacillin IV for 14/7

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8
Q

Laboratory investigations in Meningitis?

A
  1. FBC, ESR and DC
  2. LFT and RFTs
  3. Blood cultures
  4. L.P (CSF for MCS, and biochemistry)
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9
Q

Use of Dexamethasone IV in Older children is useful ? T/F

A

True

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10
Q

3rd line treatment for Meningitis in neonates and Children is similar and involves use of : Meropenum IV (for 14 days). T/F

A

True

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11
Q

1st line treatment of meningitis in Infants and Children ?

A
  1. Benzyl Penicillin and Chloramphenicol IV for 14/7 days
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12
Q

2nd Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone and cloxacillin IV for 14/7 in children /Infants ?

A

True

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13
Q

Complications of meningitis in neonates includes :

A
  1. Early : Seizures, subdural effusion, HC, CN palsies, Hypoglycaemia,Ventriculitis,Hemiparesis, Anemia
  2. Long term : cerebral palsy, Hearing loss, Mentally challenged
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14
Q

T/F . A neonate, Child/Infant who suffers from meningitis must be followed up until school going ?

A

True

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15
Q

Complication of Infant and Child meningitis include :

A
  1. Early : Seizures, Hypoglycaemia, Increased ICP, CN palsies, CVA
  2. Intermediate: HC, prolonged seizures, cerebral abcess, hemiparesis, midbrain herniation, SIADH, DIC, Anemia
  3. Long term : Cerebral palsy(upto 3 years), epilepsy, mentally challenged, Hearing and Loss of vision.
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16
Q

Clinical presentation of meningitis in neonates?

A
  1. Fever /hypothermia
  2. Excessive cry
  3. Lethargy
  4. Apnea
  5. Pallor
  6. Poor feeding
  7. Seizures
  8. Hypotonia
  9. Hypoglycaemia
  10. Weak cry
17
Q

Clinical presentation of meningitis in children and infants ?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Headache
  3. Excessive cry
  4. Poor feeding
  5. Vomiting
  6. Photophobia
  7. Irritability
  8. Bulging A/F
  9. Kernig and Brudzinsky sign +
  10. Anisocoria
  11. Coma
  12. Altered sensorium
18
Q

Syndrome of Innappropriate ADH can be seen in Mengitis ?

A

True

PAEDIATRICS (20 decks)

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