Meninges, Ventricles, CSF, Blood Supply Flashcards
(41 cards)
Which two arteries is the brain supplied by?
The internal carotid and the vertebral arteries
Anastamose at the circle of willis
In which space do the cerebral and cerebellar arteries given off by the circle of willis run?
The subarachnoid space
What is the course of the ICA?
Runs in the carotid canal of the petrous temporal bone, through the cavernous sinus, into the middle cranial fossa.
Describe the course of the vertebral arteries
Ascend through the transverse foramen in the upper six cervical vertebrae
Enter the posterior cranial fossa via the foramen magnum
Unite to form the basilar artery at the lower border of the pons which bifurcates to form the posterior cerebral artery
Where do the anterior cerebral arteries supply?
The medial surfaces of the frontal and parietal lobes
Continue to the parieto-occipital sulcus
The leg area of the somatosensory cortex
Where do the posterior cerebral arteries supply?
The inferior surface of the brain and the occipital lobes
Where do the middle cerebral arteries supply?
The lateral surface of the cerebral cortex
Most of the dorsilateral surface
The motor and sensory area of the central sulcus (except the leg area)
Speech and language areas
Blood supply to the cerebellum?
The superior cerebellar artery (terminal branch of the basilar artery)
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (branch of the basilar artery)
Posterior inferior cerebrellar artery (branch of the vertebral arteries)
Where do the pontine arteries supply?
The pons and adjacent areas of the brain
What are the main routes of venous drainage of the brain?
Cerebral veins and venous sinuses, all draining into the internal jugular vein
Where are the cerebral veins found?
External (bridging) cerebral veins - subarachnoid space
Internal cerebral veins (drain deeper structures) emerge from the transverse fissure
Bridging veins cross the subdural space to drain into venous sinuses found within the dura mater layers
In which space are the arteries supplying the spinal cord?
In the pia mater
What is the blood supply to the spinal cord?
Posterior spinal arteries supply the dorsal columns
The rest is supplied by the anterior spinal artery
What is the artery that reinforces the anterior spinal artery in the thoracic region?
The artery of Adamkiewicz off the abdominal aorta
Attachments of the falx cerebri?
Crista galli anteriorly
Horizontal tentorium cerebelli posteriorly
What does the tentorium cerebelli separate?
Cerebellum and the occipital lobe
Divides the brain into supratentorial and infratentorial regions
Arterial supply and venous drainage of the dura mater?
Middle meningeal artery
Emissary veins connect the dural venous sinuses (found between the two dural layers) to the veins outside the cranium
What forms the leptomeninges?
The arachnoid mater and pia mater
What lies in the subarachnoid space?
CSF
Cerebral arteries and veins
Bridged by trabeculae
Arachnoid granulations
How is CSF drained?
Arachnoid granulations branch through the meningeal layer of the dura mater into dural venous sinuses to allow CSF to drain into systemic circulation from the subarachnoid space
What is the dural sac?
The long tubular sheath of of dura mater that runs within the vertebral canal
From the foramen magnum to below the conus medullaris
Anchored by the filum terminale
What is the name of the dural sac caudal to the conus medullaris? What does it contain?
Lumbar cisterna
Contains the cauda equina and CSF
Where is the epidural space in the vertebral column?
Between the dura mater and the periosteum and ligaments that form the vertebral canal
Terminates laterally at each IV foramen
What can the subarachnoid space be used for?
What can the epidural space be used for?
Subarachnoid: lumbar punctures
Epidural: epidural anaesthetics
