Meninges & Sinuses Flashcards
3 layers that cover the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
The primary function of the Meninges
To protect the CNS
To provide tight anchoring of the CNS to the surrounding bones and provide stability.
What are the 3 layers:
Dura mater
Arachnoid Membrane
Pia mater
5 meningeal layers:
Epidural space
Dura mater
Sub dural space
Arachnoid membrane
Subarachnoid space
Pia mater
A potential space above the dura mater that contains the middle meningeal artery
Epidural space
What is a potential space?
A space that does not exist until blood or fluid comes in.
A potential space containing bridging veins that connect the dura mater and arachnoid membrane.
Subdural space
A real space that contains the circle of Willis
Subarachnoid space
A fold of dura mater that separates the two halves of the brain
Falx Cerebri
Part that separates the brain stem and cerebellum from the diencephalon and cerebral cortex
Tentorium Cerebelli
Structures above the tentorium cerebelli
Supratentorial
Structures below the tentorium cerebelli
Infratentorial
Supratentorial region will always have its effects ______
Contralaterally
Infratentorial region will always have its effects _____.
Ipsilaterally
Ventricles of the brain are lined by what?
Ependymal cells
It is responsible for the production, transport, and removal of CSF which bates the CNS.
Ventricles of the brain
Contains the frontal horn, temporal horn, and posterior horn.
Lateral ventricle
The lateral ventricle connects with what?
3rd ventricle
The Foramen of Monroe connects the ____ and ____
lateral ventricle
3rd ventricle
The third ventricle is located where?
In the diencephalon (medial to thalamyn)
The Aqueduct of Sylvius connects the ___ and ____
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle
The 4th ventricles floor is the ____ while its roof is the ____
Pons
Cerebellum
The 4th ventricle goes down to the ____.
Central canal
What are the 2 openings in the 4th ventricle that exit in the subarachnoid space?
Luschka (Lateral)
Magendie (Medial)
What are larger areas of the arachnoid space called?
Cisterns
What is the area of CSF that is located inside the brain?
Area 1
Area of the CSF located outside the brain and spinal cord.
Area 2
How much CSF is produced in an hour?
20-24 mL
How much CSF is produced in a day?
400-500 mL
What is the total capacity of the ventricles/subarachnoid space to hold CSF?
135 mL
How much CSF is excreted in an hour?
20-24 mL
Openings in the dura mater that contains CSF and venous drainage.
Venous Sinuses
What sagittal sinuses are located in the Falx Cerebri?
Superior sagittal sinuses
Inferior sagittal sinuses
Where does the CSF from the venous sinuses drain to?
Tentorium Cerebelli
What happens when a person has hydrocephalus?
Increased CSF production
Decreased CSF excretion
Clinical signs of hydrocephalus
Dementia
Ataxia
Sunset eyes
