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Year Two - Ears, Nose & Throat > Meniere's Disease > Flashcards

Meniere's Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is Meniere’s disease?

A

It is defined as an inner ear disorder characterised by excessive pressure and progressive dilation of the endolymphatic system

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2
Q

What are the four risk factors associated with Meneire’s disease?

A

Middle Aged

Family History

Head Injury

Viral Infection

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3
Q

Are the clinical features of Meniere’s disease unilateral or bilateral?

A

Unilateral

However, with disease progression it can lead to the presentation of bilateral features

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4
Q

How long do the clinical features of Meniere’s disease persist?

A

20 minutes - hours

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5
Q

What are the five clinical features of Meniere’s disease?

A

Vertigo

Tinnitus

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Aural Fullness

Horizontal Nystagmus

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6
Q

What is the triad of clincial features associated with Meniere’s disease?

A

Vertigo

Tinnitus

Hearing Loss

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7
Q

What are the three investigations used to diagnose Meniere’s disease?

A

Hearing Tests

Audiometry

MRI Scan

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8
Q

What two hearing test results indicate Meniere’s disease?

A

Positive Rinne’s Test, AC > BC

Weber’s Test Lateralises To Unaffected Ear

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9
Q

What audiometry result indicates Meniere’s disease?

A

A low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss

OR

A combined low/high frequency sensorineural hearing loss with normal hearing in the mid-frequencies

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10
Q

How are MRI scans used to diagnose Meniere’s disease?

A

They are used to confirm a diagnosis, by excluding abnormalities within the cerebellopontine angle – such as vestibular schwannomas or meningiomas

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11
Q

What are the four conservative management options of Meniere’s disease?

A

Reduce Dietary Salt Intake

Reduce Caffeine Intake

Vestibular Rehabilitation Exercises

Inform DVLA, Cease Driving Until Symptomatic Control

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12
Q

What are the two pharmacological management options of Meniere’s disease?

A

Vestibular Sedatives

Histamine Analogues

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13
Q

When are vestibular sedatives used to manage Meniere’s disease?

A

They are administered to symptomatically manage acute attacks of Meniere’s disease

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14
Q

Name a vestibular sedative used to manage Meniere’s disease

A

Prochlorperazine

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15
Q

What are the two administration routes of prochlorperazine?

A

Buccal

Intramuscular

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16
Q

When are histamine analogues used to manage Meniere’s disease?

A

They are administered to prevent reoccurrence of Meniere’s disease

17
Q

Name a histamine analogue used to manage Meniere’s disease

A

Betahistine

18
Q

What is the surgical management option of Meniere’s disease?

A

Intratympanic Steroids

19
Q

When are intratympanic steroids used to manage Meniere’s disease?

A

They are used to manage refractory Meniere’s disease cases

20
Q

Name two steroids used to manage Meniere’s disease

A

Dexamethasone

Methylprednisolone

Year Two - Ears, Nose & Throat (12 decks)

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