Mendelian Genetics Flashcards
What are the four types of inheritance?
- Autosomal recessive
- Autosomal dominant
- X-linked recessive
- X-linked dominant
What are the two degrees of dominance?
- Incomplete
- Co-dominance
What are the three forms of gene interactions?
- Pleiotropy
- Polygenic
- Epistasis
How many gene loci does a monohybrid cross represent?
One gene loci
How does the dominant allele effect one’s appearance?
The dominant allele determines the organism’s appearance
How does the recessive allele effect one’s appearance?
The recessive allele has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance
What is a genotype?
The genetic make up
What is a phenotype?
An organism’s appearance or an observable trait
What type of cross tests for independent assortment?
A dihybrid cross
What are the two Mendel’s laws of inheritance?
- The law of segregation
- The law of independent assortment
What does Mendel’s law of segregation state?
The two alleles for a heritable character segregate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes
What does Mendel’s law of independent assortment state?
Genes are inherited independently of each other. They do not influence each other when sorting of alleles into gametes
What are alleles?
Alternative versions of genes that account for variations in inherited characteristics
What is incomplete dominance?
Neither allele is completely dominant over the other, which results in a third phenotype which is a combination of the two phenotypes of both alleles
What is co-dominance?
A form of dominance wherein the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, and the offspring has a phenotype which is neither dominant or recessive