Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

Blended inheritance

Answer 1

hereditary materials mixed and can’t be separated in offspring- false

Question 2

inheritance of acquired characteristics

Answer 2

parents modify traits by use which is passed to offspring- false

Question 3

particulate theory of heredity

Answer 3

parents transmit heritable factors (genes) which are distinct from one generation to the next

Question 4

true-breeding

Answer 4

when self pollinated, the offspring are identical to parents

Question 5

monohybrid cross

Answer 5

one trait and one genotype associated

Question 6

dihybrid cross

Answer 6

two traits and two genotypes considered

Question 7

test cross

Answer 7

dominant phenotype and unknown genotype and homozygous recessive phenotype crossed

Question 8

homozygous

Answer 8

same alleles

Question 9

heterozygous

Answer 9

two different alleles

Question 10

dominant

Answer 10

when present, always affects the phenotype

Question 11

recessive

Answer 11

doesn’t affect phenotype when dominant is present

Question 12

genotype

Answer 12

genetic makeup

Question 13

phenotype

Answer 13

physical appearance

Question 14

principle of segregation

Answer 14

diploid traits determined by combination of genes which are separated during gamete production and reunited in fertilization

Question 15

principle of independent assortment

Answer 15

segregation of alleles is independent for different traits when genes are on different chromosomes

Question 16

linked genes

Answer 16

genes on the same chromosome

Question 17

unlinked genes

Answer 17

genes on different chromosomes

Question 18

sex linkage

Answer 18

genes associated with the x chromosome

Question 19

incomplete dominance

Answer 19

allele is not fully dominant

Question 20

polygenic inheritance

Answer 20

phenotype determined by multiple genes

Question 21

environmental effects

Answer 21

phenotype influenced by genotype and environment