Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

Principle of segregation

Answer 1

The concept that each pair of hereditary elements (consisting of alleles of the same gene) separate from each other during meiosis. One of Mendel’s two principles of genetics.

Question 2

Principle of independent assortment

Answer 2

different genes independently separate from one another during meiosis (random)

Question 3

Incomplete dominance

Answer 3

heterozygotes have a phenotype that is between the two different phenotypes (Red and White parents = pink)

Question 4

co-dominance

Answer 4

when a heterozygous org exhibits both phenotypes (ex. spots)

Question 5

multiple alleles

Answer 5

the existence of more than two common alleles of the same gene (ex. blood ABO)

Question 6

sex-linked genes

Answer 6

genes located on sex chromosomes X and Y

Question 7

Epistasis

Answer 7

when the expression of a phenotype associated with a particular genotype of one gene can be completely masked by a particular genotype of a different gene

Question 8

pleiotropic

Answer 8

a gene that influences many traits