Meiosis

Question 1

Haploid vs Diploid

Question 2

Sexual vs Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

sexual reproduction involves meiosis and 2 organisms where asexual involves just mitosis

Question 3

Phases of meiosis and what occurs

Answer 3

1. Prophase I = chromosomes condense
2. Metaphase I = homologous pairs align
3. Anaphase I = homologous chromosomes (homologs) separate
4. Prophase II = homologs condense
5. Metaphase II = chromosomes align
6. Anaphase II = sister chromatid separate
7. Telophase II and Cytokinesis

Question 4

Number of unique gamete types from diploid number

Answer 4

2^n
2n=8 –> 2^4 = 16 unique gametes

Question 5

If a cell has a diploid number of 4, what are the chromosome numbers after Meiosis I and II?

Answer 5

1 chromosome (homologs) (2 daughter cells) then 1 chromatid ea. (4 daughter cells)

Question 6

Similarities between Mitosis and Meiosis

Answer 6

chromosome replication, chromosome condense

Question 7

Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

Answer 7

Mitosis: Diploid (2n) –> diploid (2n), chromosomes align at metaphase plate, sister chromatids separate, 2 diploid daughter cells w/ same # of chromosomes as parent
Meiosis: Diploid (2n)–> haploid (n), homologous pairs align at metaphase plate, homologs separate, Meiosis II (sister chromatid separate), 4 haploid daughter cells w/ 1/2 # of chromosomes as parent

Question 8

what are the 2 sources of genetic variation that occur in meiosis

Answer 8

crossing over and independent assortment

Question 9

nondisjunction

Answer 9

the failure of chromosomes to separate during cell division

Question 10

monosomy and trisomy

Answer 10

2n-1 and 2n+1