Men's health Flashcards
1
Q
What are men’s health problems (5)
A
- Hair loss
- Thrush
- Benign prostate cancer
- testicular cancer
- Erectile dysfunction
2
Q
What are the causes of hair loss (8)
A
- Male pattern hair loss – usually inherited through genetics as well as hormones.
- Hair is normally lost at the temples and crown of the head, caused by an oversensitivity to dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
- Iron-deficiency anaemia
- Underactive thyroid
- Fungal scalp infection
- Certain prescribed medicines
- Stress
- Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy
3
Q
How is thrush categorised in men (3)
A
- Inflammation of the head of the penis (balanitis)
- Little red spots/patches may appear
- White penile discharge may also occur that may have a foul smell and look like cottage cheese
4
Q
What treatment is there for oral thrush in men (4)
A
- antifungal cream(eg clotrimazole 2% cream) on their penis two or three times a day to avoid re-infecting their partner.
- They could also take the fluconazole oral capsule if appropriate.
- It is important to ensure that the product supplied to the customer is licensed for use in men.
- Refer cases of male thrush to the pharmacist for assessment as the symptoms may be a sign of a different type of infection such as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or an infection caused by bacteria.
5
Q
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia (3)
A
- when the prostate begins to enlarge
- normally over the age of 50 years.
- The prostate gland is located between the bladder and the penis and the urethra passes directly through the prostate connecting the bladder to the penis.
6
Q
What are the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (9)
A
- A weak urine stream
- Having to push or strain to pass urine
- Incomplete emptying of the bladder after passing urine
- Difficulty in passing urine
- Having to urinate urgently and frequently during the day
- Dribbling after passing urine
- Pain when urinating
- Blood in the urine
- Having to get up throughout the night to use the toilet
7
Q
What treatment is there for benign prostatic hyperplasia
A
Medicines available on prescription to reduce the size of the prostate and relax the bladder may be recommended by a GP to treat moderate to severe symptoms of an enlarged prostate.
8
Q
What advice is there for benign prostatic hyperplasia (3)
A
- avoid drinking fluids too close to bedtime
- Alcohol and caffeine should be avoided
- Regular exercise has also been shown to improve symptoms.
9
Q
What is prostate cancer (2)
A
- a malignant growth of cells within the prostate.
- It does not usually cause any symptoms until the cancer has grown large enough to put pressure on the urethra.
10
Q
What are the symptoms of prostate cancer (7)
A
- Difficulty or delay in passing urine or when starting to urinate
- Urination that starts and stops
- Weak stream of urine
- Urinating more often than usual
- Pain while urinating
- Blood in the urineor semen
- Pain or stiffness in the lower back, hips and pelvis
11
Q
What is testicular cancer (4)
A
- malignant growth of cells within the testes.
- There are different types of testicular cancer which are classified by the type of cells the cancer begins in.
- Testicular cancer is a fairly uncommon cancer that affects young men between 15 and 49 years of age, and if caught early enough is one of the most treatable types of cancer.
- The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a lump or swelling in one testicle or any change in shape or texture of the testicles.
12
Q
What are the symptoms of testicular cancer (6)
A
- A pulling sensation or feeling of unusual heaviness in the scrotum
- A dull ache in the groin or lower abdomen
- Pain or discomfort (which may come and go) in the testicle or scrotum
- Tenderness or enlargement of tissue in the breast area
- A sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum (called a hydrocele)
- Tiredness and a general feeling of being unwell
13
Q
What treatments are there for erectile dysfunction (3)
A
- Sildenafil 50mg
- tadalafil 10mg
- Eroxon stimgel (topically to penis head)
