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memory - psychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the process of moving information into long-memory store?

A

storage

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2
Q

what is changing raw sensory information into a useable form to process

A

encoding

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3
Q

what is accessing memories from long-term memory for use or updating

A

retrieval

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4
Q

FILL IN THE BLANK
information from ——- memory can be brought back to ——- memory through the process of —-

A

information from long-term memory can be brought back to short-term memory through the process of retrieval

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5
Q

is the following statement true or false?

only information that we pay attention to is moved from sensory memory to short-term memory

A

true

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6
Q

the amount of information our brain can hold is called?

A

capacity

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7
Q

the length of time the information stays in our brain is called?

A

duration

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8
Q

what’s the difference between short-term and long-term memory

A

short-term memory is limited and can only hold information for up to 18-30 seconds, whereas long-term memory is unlimited and hold information for a unlimited amount of time

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9
Q

where information from the external world is first captured by the senses

A

sensory memory

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10
Q

a memory structure that has limited duration and capacity

A

short-term memory

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11
Q

a memory structure that has unlimited duration and capacity

A

long-term memory

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12
Q

the amount of information a structure can hold. is called?

A

capacity

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13
Q

the length of time information can be held in a structure.what is this called?

A

duration

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14
Q

what memory has unlimited capacity and duration

A

long-term memory

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15
Q

what memory has limited capacity and duration

A

short-term memory

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16
Q

Identify which sense is registered in iconic memory.

A

visual

17
Q

Identify whether the following statement is true or false.

From the Sperling (1960) experiment it was concluded that all information coming in through our iconic memory is registered.

A

true

18
Q

what did they do in sperling’s experiment

A

they tested iconic memory by showing participants an image of letters and numbers for 50 milliseconds. after the participants were asked to recall what they remembered

19
Q

why did the sperling’s experiment only show 50 milliseconds of images?

A

they were interested in testing what was registered by iconic memory

20
Q

Information can be held in your echoic memory for about?

A

3-4 seconds

21
Q

what kind of information does echoic memory hold?

A

auditory information

22
Q

iconic memory holds?

A

visual information

23
Q

duration of iconic memory?

A

0.3 seconds

24
Q

duration of echoic memory

A

3 to 4 seconds

25
Q

capacity of iconic memory?

A

unlimited

26
Q

capacity of echoic memory

A

unlimited

27
Q

how many pieces of information can be stored in short-term memory

A

5-9

28
Q

what is validity

A

the extent in which the experiment proves what it intends to

29
Q

When participants were asked to recall trigrams after 18 seconds, what was the average accuracy rate?

A

10%

30
Q

Identify the primary function of the central executive.

A

cognitive process, including directing focus

31
Q

what is episodic buffer

A

a subsystem of memory that retrieves information from long-term memory

32
Q

what is visuospatial sketchpad

A

a subsystem of working memory that holds visual information

33
Q

what is short-term memory

A

a memory store that has limited capacity and duration

34
Q

what is central executive

A

a subsystem of working memory that performs cognitive functions.

35
Q

what is working memory

A

a memory structure where information is actively processed

36
Q

what is phonological loop

A

a subsystem of working memory where language information is stored

37
Q

what is shallow processing

A

trying to remember material through memorization, repetition, rereading, and highlighting

38
Q

types of shallow processing

A

visual and structural

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