biology sem 1 exam Flashcards
How can you determine if something is living?
M - movement
R - respiration
S - Sensitivity
G - Growth
R - Reproduction
E - Excretion
N - nutrition
C - control
What is the cell theory?
All living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, new cells are produced from existing cells
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also protects and supports the cell.
What is binary fission?
A type of simple cell division used by prokaryotic cells (Like bactera) to reproduce & split into two
What is the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?
EUKARYOTIC
- contain membrane-bound organelles, basis for unicellular and multicellular organisms
- Has a nucleus.
- Larger and linear ribosomes.
PROKARYOTIC
- do not have any membrane- bound organelles, always part of unicellular organisms.
- Does not have a nucleus.
-Spherical and smaller ribosomes.
What cells do mitosis and meiosis occur in?
Eukaryotic cells
What the parts of the prokaryotic cell?
Capsule– It is an outer protective covering found in the bacterial cells, in addition to the cell wall. It helps in moisture retention, protects the cell when engulfed, and helps in the attachment of cells to nutrients and surfaces.
Cell Wall– It is the outermost layer of the cell which gives shape to the cell.
Cytoplasm– The cytoplasm is mainly composed of enzymes, salts, cell organelles and is a gel-like component.
Cell Membrane– This layer surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates the entry and exit of substances in the cells.
Pili– These are hair-like outgrowths that attach to the surface of other bacterial cells.
Flagella– These are long structures in the form of a whip, that help in the locomotion of a cell.
Ribosomes– These are involved in protein synthesis.
Plasmids
Nucleoid Region
