Memory: models and research methods Flashcards
The mechanism we use to create, maintain and retrieve information about the past:
memory
The means by which we retain and draw on our past experiences to use that information in the present:
memory
Cognitive psychologists have identified three common operations of memory:
encoding, storage and retrieval
What were the 2 models of memory first proposed by William James?
primary memory and secondary memory
_____ holds temporary information currently in use.
primary memory
_______ holds information permanently or at least for a very long time.
secondary memory
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin proposed an alternative model that conceptualised memory in terms of three memory stores:
sensory store, short-term store and long-term store
Capable of storing relatively limited amounts of information for very brief periods:
sensory store
Capable of storing information for somewhat longer periods but of relatively limited capacity as well:
short-term store
of very large capacity, capable of storing information for very long periods, perhaps even indefinitely:
long-term store
What are three methods used to study memory?
Free recall, cued recall and serial recall
Recall all the words you can from the list you saw previously:
free recall
Recall everything you can that is associated with the civil war. Participants are given a cue to facilitate recall:
cued recall
Recall the names of all previous presidents in order they were elected. Need to recall order as well as item names:
serial recall
What are the three parts of the traditional model of memory?
sensory store, short-term store and long-term store
