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AP Psych > Memory Flashcards > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Recall

A

retrieving information learned earlier that is not currently in conscious awareness

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2
Q

Recognition

A

identifying items previously learned

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3
Q

Relearning

A

Learning something quicker a second/later time

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4
Q

Encoding

A

Process of getting information into the memory system

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5
Q

Storage

A

Process of retaining information out of memory storage

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6
Q

Retrieval

A

Process of getting information out of the memory system

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7
Q

Parallel processing

A

Processing many aspects of something at the same time

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8
Q

Connectionism

A

views memories as products of interconnected neural networks

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9
Q

Sensory memory

A

Very brief, immediate recording of sensory information

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10
Q

Short term memory

A

activated memory that holds a few items briefly

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11
Q

Long term memory

A

An unlimited mostly permanent storehouse of memory

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12
Q

Working memory

A

Active processing of new sensory information and information retrieve from long term memory

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13
Q

Automatic processing

A

Unconscious processing of information

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14
Q

Explicit memories (declaritive)

A

Retention of facts and experiences that is consciously known and declared

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15
Q

Implicit memories (nondeclaritive)

A

Retention of learned skills/classically conditioned associations without conscious recollection

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16
Q

Effortful processing

A

Encoding that requires active awareness and effort

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17
Q

Iconic memory

A

Momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli

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18
Q

Echoic memory

A

Momentary sensory memory of auditory stimnuli

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19
Q

Chunking

A

organizing information into smaller, related groups

20
Q

Mnemonics

A

Memory aids and techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational tools

21
Q

Hierarchies

A

help retrieve information efficiently

22
Q

Spacing effect

A

tendency for distributed study to yield better long term retention

23
Q

Testing effect

A

enchanted memory after consciously retrieving rather than rereading

24
Q

Shallow processing

A

encoding on a basic level based on structure/appearance of words

25
Q

Deep processing

A

encoding semantically based on meaning of words

26
Q

Semantic memory

A

explicit memory of facts/general knowledge

27
Q

Episodic memory

A

Explicit memory of experienced events

28
Q

Hippocampus

A

Neural center that helps process conscious memories of facts and events

29
Q

Memory consolidation

A

Neural storage of long term memory

30
Q

Cerebellum

A

forms/stores implicit memories

31
Q

Basal ganglia

A

involved in motor movement and helps form procedural memories for skills

32
Q

Infantile amnesia

A

Conscious memory of the first four years of life are

33
Q

Flashbulb memory

A

clear sustained memories of a significantly emotional moment

34
Q

Long term potentiation (LTP)

A

increased efficiency of potential neural firing

35
Q

Priming

A

activation of particular associations in memory

36
Q

Encoding specificity principle

A

idea that memories are linked to the context they are created in, and content specific to a memory will be most effective to recall it

37
Q

Mood congruent

A

tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood

38
Q

Serial position effect

A

tendency to recall first and last items the best

39
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

Being uanble to form new memories

40
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

Being unable to recall past memories

41
Q

Proactive interference (forward acting)

A

disruptive effect of older learning on the recall of new information

42
Q

Retroactive Interference (backgroung acting)

A

disruptive effect of newer learning on the recall of old information

43
Q

Repression

A

basic defense mechanism that banished negative, anxiety arousing thoughts

44
Q

Reconsolidation

A

process in which previously stored memories are potentially altered before being stored again when retrieved

45
Q

Misinformation effect

A

occurs when misleading information has altered one’s memory

46
Q

Source amnesia

A

incorrect memory for how, when, or where, information was learned

47
Q

Deja vu

A

eerie feeling one has experienced something before

AP Psych (3 decks)

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