Memory - AO1 Flashcards
What model of memory did Atkinson and Shiffin come up with
The multi-store model
What’s the role of the short term memory
Actively processes info
Capacity of the sensory register
Unlimited
Duration of sensory register
Limited
How does the sensory register code
Modality/sensory based
Capacity of the short term memory
7 plus or minus 2 (5-9 bits of info)
Jacobs
Digit span technique
Duration of short term memory
Around 18 seconds
Peterson and Peterson
Trigrams
How does the short term memory code
Acoustically
Baddeley
Word lists
Long term memory capacity
Unlimited
Duration of long term memory
Indefinite
Bahrick
Year books
How does the long term memory code info
Semantically
Baddeley
Word lists
What model of memory did Baddeley and hitch create
The working model - to replace the short term memory
The 4 components of the working memory
Central executive
Phonological loop
Visio-spatial sketch pad
Episodic buffer
The 2 rules for dual tasking
- at least one task must be simple
- different components
Central executive
- in charge
- delegates tasks
- info arrives from sensory register or long term memory
Phonological loop
- auditory info (sound)
- inner ear = holds the words you hear
- inner voice = repeated words in your head
- limited capacity
Visuo-spatial sketch pad
- Visual cache = visualising memories / things / objects
- inner scribe = objects in relation to each other
- limited capacity
Episodic buffer
- combines both visual and acoustic info
- records events that are happening
- creates episodes
- sends info to long term memory
Three types of long term memory
- episodic
- semantic
- procedural
Episodic long term memory
- explicit (knowing that)
- personal
- include contextual and emotional details
Semantic long term memory
- explicit (knowing that)
- universal facts and knowledge (maths, languages, capital city)
Procedural long term memory
- implicit (knowing how)
- automatic due to repetition
- hard to explain/teach but easy to do (write, drive)
Two types of forgetting
- interference
- retrieval failure
Types of interference
- proactive = past interferes
- retroactive = recent interferes
