Memory and Information Processing Flashcards
how can anticipation decrease reaction time?
if anticipation is incorectly judged and the stimulus is not what was expected, there will be a delay while the first and second stimulus is processed.
How can Hicks law not be a straight linear relationship?
the player can get familiar with the enviroment, which makes response time quiker. , the number of choices are reduced.
Define anticipation
prejudging a stimulus
what is a choice reaction time?
the time it takes to respond to a stimulus when there are multiple responses from which to choose.
Define spatial anticipation.
pre-judging where and what is going to happen.
Define temporal anticipation.
pre-judging when the stimulus is going to happen.
How can performers use PRP to their advantage?
fake dummies
How can anticipation increase reaction time?
as info processing is sped up, the info processing has already been processed before the action has happened, so the movement can occur immediately.
how to improve response time?
-increase intensity of stimulus.
-mental practice
-focus and concentrate
-improve fitness
-anticipation
What’s the correct relationship between reaction time, response time and movement time?
Reaction time + movement time= response time
Define simple reaction time.
One stimulus, one response.
Define choice reaction time.
Several stimuli and several responses.
Explain the factors that affect reaction time.
Stimulus intensity
Previous experience
Anticipation
Age
Gender
Arousal levels
Movement time
The time taken from the start of the movement to completion of movement.
Reaction time
Time taken from the onset of the stimulus to the start of the movement.
Improving response time
Concentration/ pay attention/ selective attention/ focus on cues/ mental rehearsal
Single channel hypothesis, explain this.
dealing with one stimulus at a time.
Define the term psychological refractory period
A delay when a second stimulus is presented before the first had been processed.
Explain Hick’s law
More choices slows/ longer response time. High number of responses, no change in response time/ plateau.
whiting’s model of memory:
input data from display
receptor systems
perceptual mechanism
translatory mechanism
effector mechanism
muscular system/output data
feedback data
perceptual mechanism:
Dcr, selective attention process
translatory mechanism:
Decisions converted to command using LTM
effector mechanism:
muscle are sent impulses, action is carried out.
