Memory

Question 1

Processes which make memory possible

Answer 1

• attention
• organization and rich encoding of info
• long term memory

Question 2

Attention

Answer 2

• we only capture what we attend to

- we filter out other available and maybe important info

Question 3

Inattentional blindness

Answer 3

• failure to notice obvious changes or events

- similar filtering/spotlighting process occurs with auditory info (Ex. Cocktail party effect)

Question 4

Levels of processing

Answer 4

• How deeply you attend/encode info
• Surface and deep
• Deeper = better memory
• Dictate how much we remember something

Question 5

Attention: what can we take away?

Answer 5

• Multimodal
• Selective
• Cost to focus attention
• Divided attention

Question 6

Schema

Answer 6

-cluster of interrelated concepts that organize and encode general knowledge of people, objects, and procedures

Question 7

Scripts

Answer 7

• Similar to schema, sequences of actions/behaviours/events
• -> Action based
• -> Based on several experiences

Question 8

What schemas/scripts do for our memory system

Answer 8

• Promotes organization of our memory system

- BUT may reconstruct info based on our prejudices/expectations/biases rather than facts

Question 9

2 Components of long term memory

Answer 9

1. Explicit/declarative memory
   - Store facts and info
   - Has 2 subsystems
2. Implicit/non-declarative/procedural memory
   - Motor skills, habits, classically conditioned responses

Question 10

Sematic Memory

Answer 10

• Memory for general knowledge
• Contains facts and info (not personal)
• Mental dictionary/encyclopedia

Question 11

Strategies of Sematic Memory

Answer 11

• Facilitate encoding and retrieval
• -> Chunking
• -> Mnemonics - SCUBA
• -> Elaboration

Question 12

Declarative memory: episodic memory

Answer 12

• Memories of personally experienced events, episodes of our lives, autobiographical memory (remembering where, what time, place, action)

Question 13

Episodic vs Sematic Memories: retrieving episodic memories

Answer 13

• Recollective experience
• Feels like you are in the experience again
• Emotional connection
• vulnerable to forgetting

Question 14

Episodic vs Sematic Memories: retrieving sematic memories

Answer 14

• Isolated facts

Question 15

Encoding specificity

Answer 15

• If you learn content from one prof in one room you would retrieve the info better in the same location with the same prof present

Question 16

Encoding error

Answer 16

-you didn’t forget, you just never had the info

Question 17

Retrieval error

Answer 17

• don’t really forget, cant remember when you needed to (tip of my tongue)

Question 18

Memory Decay

Answer 18

• lose details over time (forgetting curve: fast at first then levels out)
• Saves gist of it, some details, others are gone

Question 19

Memory interference

Answer 19

-New info can interfere w past learning