Memory

Question 1

Describe the process of memory encoding

Answer 1

stimuli is transported by our sense modalities to the thalamus which is then transported to the hippocampus and the hippocampus decided whether or not to store the info as a memory

HIPPOCAMPUS is big for memory encoding and storage

Question 2

What are the four BASIC types of encoding?

Answer 2

VAKS (done by most higher mammals)

Visual or Iconic - PICTURES

Acoustic or Echoic - sounds

Kinesthetic - inputting body sensation

Spatial - sense of direction

Question 3

What are the 2 ABSTRACT types of encoding?

Answer 3

Semantic - Encoding meanings such as words.
- Encoding Green as a color rather than a sting of letters which is more basic (visual) encoding.

Elaborative - Attaching new information to preexisting memories based on meaning

  - Relies on semantic encoding and VAKS (basic)
  - reading the word green and thinking about a plant with green leaves

Question 4

What is the semantic network theory?

Answer 4

the idea that we encode new information by situating it next to conceptual patterns we have already formed.

SPREADING ACTIVATION - scanning brain for memory to help explain new information, once a dense region of related concepts has been found the new idea is squeezed into that network.

Question 5

Describe the memory optimization technique of chunking.

Answer 5

clumping a few things together rather than one large item.

LIKE PHONE NUMBERS

Question 6

Describe the memory optimization technique of mneumonics.

Answer 6

like VAKS

Verbal
Acoustic
Kinesthetic
Spatial

Question 7

Describe the memory optimization technique of context-dependent learning.

Answer 7

likely to retrieve memory if you are in same environment you encoded and stored it in.

Question 8

Describe the memory optimization technique of state-dependent learning.

Answer 8

being in the same “state” you were in when encoding and storing memory.

like when bands practice music on drugs so they perform their best when on drugs.

ALSO HAVING SIMILAR MOOD

Question 9

Describe the memory optimization technique of serial position effect.

Answer 9

recall of information is best when it is encoded in the beginning and ending of a series.

think about learning the names of the seven dwarves.

Question 10

Describe the memory optimization technique of self-reference effect.

Answer 10

We encode things better if we relate them to ourselves when we are learning them.

Question 11

Describe the memory optimization technique of the spacing effect.

Answer 11

We encode information better if we encode it over a longer period of time.