Memory Flashcards
Information Processing
The idea that information is processed through a number of stages.
Input
The process of data entry
Encoding
The process in which data is changed into another format.
Storage
The process in which information is held, ready to be used at a later date.
Retrieval
The process in which information is located and taken out of storage.
Output
The process of using data after it has been retrieved.
Accessibility problems
Problems associated with retrieving information in storage.
Availability problems
Problems associated with information no longer being stored.
Short term memory
The memory story that has limited capacity and limited duration, and where information becomes conscious.
Long term memory
The memory store that has unlimited capacity and unlimited duration, and where information is permanently stored.
Sensory store
The store where all immediate information is briefly held unless it is paid attention to.
Attention
A process that makes people aware of information in the memory.
Decay
This is the fading of information over time until it is forgotten.
Capacity
This refers to the amount of space in the memory.
Duration
This refers to how long information lasts in the memory.
Displacement
A process in which information is ‘shunted out’ of storage by new information, and so becomes forgotten.
Maintenance rehearsal
A process that basically involves repeating information so that it stays in storage, either temporarily or permanently.
Shallow processing
Only coding information based on its physical characteristics.
Deep processing
Coding information for meaning.
Applications
- Use of cues
- Mind mapping
- Use of imagery
