Memory Flashcards
Storage
Holding information in the memory system
Retrieval
Recovering information from storage
Multi-store
The idea that information passes through a series of memory stores
Sensory store
Holds information receive from the senses for a very short period of time
Short-term store
Holds approximately seven chunks of information for a limited amount of time
Long-term store
Holds a vast amount of information for a very long period of time
Recency effect
Information received later is recalled better than earlier information
Primacy effect
The first information received is recalled better than subsequent information
Reconstructive memory
Altering our recollection of things so that they make more sense to us
Structural processing
Thinking about the physical appearance of words to be learnt
Phonetic processing
Thinking about the sound of words to be learnt
Semantic processing
Thinking about the meaning of words to be learnt
Levels of processing
The depth at which information is thought about when trying to learn it
Interference
Things that we have learnt make it difficult to recall other information that we have learnt
Retroactive interference
When information we have recently learnt, hinders our ability to recall information that we have learnt previously
Proactive interference
When information we have already learnt hinders our ability to recall new information
Context
The general setting or environment in which activities happen
Anterograde amnesia
Being unable to learn new information after suffering brain damage
Hippocampus
A brain structure that is crucial for memory
Retrograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events that happened before brain damage occurred
Reliability
In the context of eye witness testimony, the extent to which it can be regarded as accurate
Leading question
A question that hints that a particular type of answer is required
Cognitive interview
A method of questioning witnesses that involves recreating the context of an event
Stereotype
An oversimplified, generalised set of ideas that we have about others, for example, secondary head teachers are strict, intimidating, scary and male
