Memory

Question 1

What is Memory?

Answer 1

the cognitive process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information

Question 2

Encoding

Answer 2

active process of putting information in to a form that can be used in our memory systems

Question 3

Storing

Answer 3

the process of maintaining information in storage

Question 4

Retrieval

Answer 4

active process of locating and using information stored in memory

Question 5

What is the dual trace theory and who created it?

Answer 5

Donald Hebb: The brain remembers things in two different ways. Active/Latent distinction. Information that is active is because the neurones firing continuously. This repeated firing leads to structural changes in the neuron, and this persists after the activity has ceased.

Question 6

What is Atkinson & Shiffrin’s Theory of memory?

Answer 6

That memory takes at least three forms: sensory, short term, and long term. sensory and short at more active, and long term is a latent trace.

Question 7

Sensory Memory

Answer 7

representations of the physical features of a stimulus are stored for brief durations - provides temporary storage until it can be encoded in short term memory

Question 8

Short term memory

Answer 8

immediate memory for stimuli that have just been perceived - This is also called working memory

Question 9

Long Term Memory

Answer 9

information is represented on a permanent or near-permanent basis - it has no known limits and is relatively durable - presumably this happens because of the changes that take place in the brain - as in long term potentiation (changes at the neurones)

Question 10

What is the modal model

Answer 10

information flows from one type of memory to another

Question 11

What are the two forms of sensory memory?

Answer 11

Iconic and Echoic

Question 12

What is Iconic Memory

Answer 12

the form of sensory memory that briefly hold a visual representation of a scene that has just been perceived

Question 13

What is Echoic Memory?

Answer 13

form of sensory memory for sounds that have just been perceived - this is especially important in speech, because we hear each sound separately - so echoic memory holds a representation of the word until the end of the word is finished

Question 14

What does working memory do?

Answer 14

It pulls information from long term memory and integrates it with the current short term memory