Memory

Question 1

what are the components of MSM?

Answer 1

sensory register, STM, LTM

Question 2

how does information transfer from sensory register to STM?

Answer 2

attention- if person’s attention is focused on one of the sensory stores it goes to STM

Question 3

what is the sensory register?

Answer 3

place where information is held at each of the senses and corresponding parts of brain

Question 4

what size is the sensory register’s capacity?

Answer 4

large- info constantly being received however does not receive much attention and only held milliseconds

Question 5

how is information transferred from STM to LTM?

Answer 5

maintenance rehearsal

Question 6

what is maintenance rehearsal?

Answer 6

the more information is rehearsed, the more its remembered,, repetition keeps info in STM but eventually repetition will cause info to transfer

Question 7

what is short-term memory used for?

Question 8

what did Baddeley and Hitch develop in 1974?

Answer 8

Working Memory Model (WMM)

Question 9

how is STM encoded?

Answer 9

acoustically

Question 10

how is LTM encoded?

Answer 10

semantically

Question 11

what is the duration of STM?

Question 12

what is the duration of the LTM?

Question 13

what are the stages of the cognitive interview?

Answer 13

Reinstate context
Order (change)
Perspective(change)
Everything (report everything)

Question 14

what is reinstating context in the cognitive interview?

Answer 14

-witness mentally reinstates environmental and personal context of incident e.g. sight,hearing, weather
-interviewer asking questions triggers cues so witness can recall as much info as possible

Question 15

what does changing the order of the event do in the cognitive interview?

Answer 15

reduces possibility that recall can be influenced by schema or expectations

Question 16

what does changing the perspective of the event do in the cognitive interview?

Answer 16

reduces influence of schemas

Question 17

why is the witness told to recall everything from the event?

Answer 17

even if info seems irrelevant it can trigger other important memories

Question 18

what are the three types of LTM

Answer 18

semantic, procedural, episodic

Question 19

what is semantic LTM?

Answer 19

-memory for facts e.g. information on the world, meaning of words, general knowledge

Question 20

what is episodic LTM?

Answer 20

-to do with personal experiences
-time stamped (memory if when the event happened)
-context of events remembered e.g. people, objects

Question 21

what is procedural LTM?

Answer 21

-skills
-remembering how to do something
-do not require conscious recall to perform them
-implicit type of memory

Question 22

how are procedural memories acquired?

Answer 22

repetition+practice

Question 23

why is it important procedural memories are automatic?

Answer 23

so we can focus our attention on other tasks while preforming these everyday skills

Question 24

how do episodic memories become semantic memories?

Answer 24

they lose their association with particular events

Question 25

which types of LTM require effort to be recalled?

Answer 25

episodic

Question 26

which types of LTM DO NOT need effort to be recalled?

Answer 26

procedural, semantic

Question 27

what is the episodic buffer?