Memory Flashcards
Why is AM important
A connection between the private and public
It is our memories BUT in relation to society
Self-representation for ourselves AND for the others
It includes memories & future goals, plans
AMs 4 functions
- Directive (conclusions for the future –
adolescents!) Reyna - Social (sharing) – for keeping relationships, for feeling ourselves better (and important)
- Self-representation (continuity)
- Coping (with adversity)
How to measure AM?
- Diaries studies
- Cue words
- Flash bulb memories
PTSD
En psykologisk lidelse der en dramatisk, traumatisk og/eller stressende hendelse resulterer i vedvarende angst, ofte medfulgt av ekte tilbakeblikk til hendelsen.
Involverer flashbacks
De presise mekanismene som skaper minneforkludring i PTSD er usikkert.
En teori er at det er forbundet med klassisk betinging.
Psychogenic amnesia
Fugue – sudden loss of AM (Schacter)
wandering
preceded by stress
depressed mood
history with amnesia
ulterior motive
Working self
active goals and self-images
Proactive vs. retroactive interference
proactive interference: Proactive interference is a phenomenon that occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to learn and remember new information. In other words, past memories or knowledge disrupt the encoding and retrieval of new memories.
retroactive interference: Retroactive interference is a phenomenon that occurs when newly learned information disrupts the retrieval of previously stored information. In other words, recent memories interfere with the ability to recall older memories.
Positivety bias
We tend to remember ourself or the situations we are in as more positiv than they are.
This is to keep up a good emotional state and maintain the emotional balance.
repression vs. suppression
repression: not intentional forced forgetting. Repression is a defense mechanism that banishes unwanted memories into the
unconscious to reduce conflict and psychic pain. (Freud)
Suppression: intentional suppressed thoughts.
Psychogenic amnesia
No biological damage, but still a temporary loss of AM.
how to induce forgetting
when a negative event comes we can:
1. limit the encoding process
2. try to avoid the reminders
3. stop retrieval
Directed forgetting
The tendency for an instruction to forget recently experianced items to induce memory imparment for those items. Two variants of this procedure.
Item-method-directed forgetting
Encoding suppression proces.
Remember or Forgetting instructions immediately after the item (during encoding) Shallow vs. deep encoding strategies
One way to controll what is imprint into memory is to regulate whether a stimulus is granted elabroative processing. Selective rehersal hypothesis is also relevant, you rehers what you want to remember.
List-method directed forgetting
Retrival deficit.
Remember or Forgetting instructions after the learning (during recognition)
List method directed forgetting illustrates how when people no longer wish to remember events, they can intentionally reduce their accessibility.
Mnemic neglect
Peoples desire to view themselfes favorably leads them to limiting the encoding of negative feedback.
Protecting the self image
