Memory Flashcards
What is forgetting ?
-Phenomenon were Previously stores information or memories become inaccessible or lost iver time
-making it difficult or impossible to retrieve them
What is the phonological loop?
-component of working memory
-responsible for temporary storage and manipulation of auditory and verbal info
-tasks involving language processing
What is a cognitive interview ?
-technique used in forensic psychology
-enhanced the retrieval of accurate information from witnesses or victims of crime.
-involves specific questioning and memory enhancing strategies to improve recall
What is the working memory?
-limited capacity system
-responsible for temporarily holding and processing information needed for tasks such as problem solving and comprehension
-include phonological loop and Visiuospatial sketch pad
What is semantic memory ?
-long term memory system
-responsible for storage of general knowledge and facts about the world
-eg meanings of words and concepts
What is encoding ?
-converting sensory information into a form that the brain can store and use as a memory
-transforms info into a neural code
What’s is the yerkes-Dodson curve?
-graphical representation to illustrate the relationship between arousal and performance
-suggest at there is an optimum level of arousal for peak performance
-very low/ high arousal can hinder performance
What is the weapon foxus effect ?
-psychological phenomenon where the presence of a weapon in a criminal event draws witnesses attention, at the expense of other details
-decreased accuracy in recalling aspects of the event
What is elaborative rehearsal?
-memory strategy
-involved actively engaging with information
-making meaningful connections to existing knowledge and new information
-enhances encoding and retention
What is state-dependent forgetting ?
-when retrieval of information is influenced by someone’s physiological or psychological state
-retrieval is more efficient If a persons state at retrieval matches their state of encoding
What is retroactive interference?
-newly acquired information disrupts the re call or retention of previously learnt information
What is displacement?
-where new information pushes out or replaces older information in the short term memory
-happens when the capacity of STM is exceeded
What was Peterson and Peterson aim?
Investigate how long we hold information short term memory
What’s Peterson and Petersons procedure?
-read 3 letters with no meaning for a short moment. (NONSENCE TRIGRAM)
-they then have to immediately count back in 3’a from a random number to prevent rehearsal
Peterson and Peterson findings
-85% recalled the trigrams after 3 seconds
-less than 10% recalled correctly after 18 seconds
-less remembered after longer intervals
