Memory Flashcards
Cognition
The process of “knowing” that occurs through perception and memory.
Input
Our brains gather information from the outside world through our five senses.
Output
Ideas and actions that are caused by our thoughts
Encoding
The act of getting information into our brains.
Visual, acoustic, and semantic
Central Processing
The brain sorts and sores imformation.
Retrival
Sematic
Meaning/Definitions
Selective Attention
The ability to pick and choose among various sensory inputs. We pay attention to our needs, strange things, and those that interest us.
Storage
Three types of memory sensory, short term memory (STM), long term memory (LTM).
Iconic memory
Ability to very briefly recall an image shown quickly (sparkler light trails).
Echoic memory
Ability to very briefly recall a sound heard very recently “what did I just say?”.
Short term memory (STM)
-Also known as working memory (20 seconds unless rehearsed)
-The things held in your conscious mind are temporary and limited
-Miller’s Magic Number
Describes the number of unrelated items able to be held
7 but +/-2
Long term memory (LTM)
-Semantic memory - LTM for facts and knowledge
-Episodic memory - LTM for events and experiences
-Sensory input that makes it through S-ensory Memory to STM usually needs to be rehearsed to be organized and stored in LTM
Recognition
A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned.
Recall
A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier. The active reconstruction of information.
