memory

Question 1

strengths of research into capacity of stm

Answer 1

• practical applications e.g chunking info

- lab so high controls cause and effects and replicability etc

Question 2

weaknesses of research into capacity of stm

Answer 2

• lab so lacks ecological validity, not how memory works in everyday life
• mundane realism, not everyday tasks

Question 3

strengths of research into duration of stm

Answer 3

• practical applications, improtance of rehearsal

- high control, lab, valid findings

Question 4

weaknesses of research into duration of stm

Answer 4

-lab so lacks ecological validity as not required to recall trigrams in everyday life

Question 5

strengths of research into duration of ltm

Answer 5

• lab, high control, validity is high, can be replicated to test for reliability
• mundane realism as recalling names is an everyday task
• adds support to MSM

Question 6

weaknesses of research into duration of ltm

Answer 6

-hard to measure specific duration of ltm as differs for every person

Question 7

strengths of research into coding for ltm and stm

Answer 7

• contributes to knowledge of memory, practical applications

- supports MSM

Question 8

weaknesses of research into coding for ltm and stm

Answer 8

• baddeley may not be testing coding of ltm after 20 mins

- stm may not be exclusively acoustic. when verbal rehearsal was prevented, pp were able to visual coding

Question 9

strengths of MSM

Answer 9

• research by glanzer and cunitz

- supportive research e.g jacobs and miller

Question 10

weaknesses of MSM

Answer 10

• WMM suggests stm broken down into multiple stores

- model of ltm suggests its broken down into declarative, semantic, episodic, implicit and procedural

Question 11

strengths of WMM

Answer 11

• different areas of brain for different tasks. posner PET scans showed how different regions of brain activited in certain tasks. e.g visual in posterior region and auditory in lateral regions. adds wider credibility
• dual task research by hitch and baddeley. slave systems have limited capacity so cannot complete two tasks that involve same system. pp slowed down when completing verbal reasoning task and repeating a string of digits. we are able to do two tasks involving different systems so the stm must be broken down into different stores.

Question 12

weaknesses of WMM

Answer 12

• lacks ecological validity. research is lab based so tasks lack mundane realism e.g reciting digits so difficult to apply to real life
• function of CE is vague. little know about it and no explanation as to how info is transferred to slave systems so may be too simplisitc

Question 13

similarities between MSM and WMM

Answer 13

• both have supportive research e.g glanzer and cunitz for MSM and hitch and baddeley for WMM
• both have weaknesses e.g MSM too simplistic as WMM breaks stm into different stores. function of CE is vague in the WMM

Question 14

differences between MSM and WMM

Answer 14

• MSM= sensory register, stm, ltm
• WMM= stm
• MSM= passive store
• WMM= active processing
• MSM suggests stm is a single store
• WMM suggests stm is made of many stores e.g phonological loop, episodic buffer and visuo spatial sketchpad

Question 15

strengths of geiselman research into effectiveness of cognitive interview

Answer 15

• support by fisher. trained a group of detectives in florida using cognitive interview and assessed performance interviewing real witnesses to crime. when compared to pre-training levels, information gain was up to 47%
• beckarian and dennet meta analysis of 27 studies and in all cases the cognitive interview provided more accurate information

Question 16

weaknesses of geiselman research into effectiveness of cognitive interview

Answer 16

• geiselman suggests it has nothing to offer when witness asked to identify a suspect. it requires more time and effort than standard procedure so may not be suitable when resources are scarce
• giselman found after reviewing a number of studies that the cognitive interview is less effective/accurate for children under 6. maybe because they cant understand the instructions so not useful for all witnesses.