Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA; A-Level Psychology > memory > Flashcards

memory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

capacity

A

max amount of info memory can hold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

central executive

A

WMM - directs attention to necessary slave system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

coding

A

the way info is transferred into a suitable format for our brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

duration

A

length of time info stays stored in memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

episodic buffer

A

WMM - combines info from different slave systems and also link to LTM to support STM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

episodic memory

A

type of LTM, events eg, 10th birthday

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

leading questions

A

a question that encourages a certain answer, biased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

long-term memory

A

unlimited capacity and duration, semantic coding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

phonological loop

A

WMM - auditory coding, holds info like words, number

Repeating info over and over in a loop to keep in STM or transfer to LTM (sub-vocal repetition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Proactive interference

A

Explanation for forgetting - previously learned info interferes with new info trying to store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Procedural memory

A

type of unconscious LTM - skills eg. walking, playing piano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

retroactive interference

A

explanation for forgetting - new info learned interferes with information we’ve already learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

semantic memory

A

LTM - facts, figures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sensory register

A

MSM - auditory and visual coding, 0.5 secs, unlimited capacity
If attention paid to it then transfers into STM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

short term memory

A

30 sec duration, 5-9 capacity, acoustic coding can be converted to LTM by rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

visuo-spatial sketchpad

A

WMM - where visual and spatial info is stored

17
Q

STM and LTM coding research

A

Baddeley - 75 pps, 4 conditions, 5 words in each list that are: acoustically similar, acoustically dissimilar, semantically similar and semantically dissimilar
When immediately recalling (STM): pps did worst with acoustically similar (55% accuracy)
When recalling after 20 mins (LTM): pps did worst with semantically dissimilar

18
Q

STM capacity research

A

Jacobs digit span test - pps immediately recall either sequence of letters or numbers which increases in length by one each time and they continue until they can’t correctly recall the sequence. Letters roughly 7 on average and numbers roughly 9, suggesting STM capacity is around 5-9 or 7+/-2
Miller recognised the idea of ‘chunking’ info to make what would have been multiple pieces of info into just 1 in order to increase capacity

19
Q

MSM weaknesses

A
  • rehearsal not necessarily required for LTM
  • ‘deep processing’ states learning info well with more meaning more likely to be lasting so criticises rehearsal as too simple
20
Q

MSM comparison to WMM

A

MSM more complete as includes all STM and LTM but WMM more complex as more detailed, in depth STM

21
Q

Outline MSM

A
  • Atkinson and Shiffrin
  • how info moves from one store to another of 3 unitary stores (sensory register, STM, LTM)
  • features of each
  • attention: info from sr to STM, if not then decays
  • maintenance rehearsal: acoustic repetition to keep in STM or move to LTM otherwise decays
  • retrieval: LTM info brought into STM to use
22
Q

LTM capacity research

A
  • Linton
  • diary recording 7 years recalling 11000 events with a cue word for each
  • when tested with cue words she recalled with about 70% accuracy
  • huge LTM capacity
23
Q

LTM capacity evaluation

A

Linton

  • good ecological validity as test of everyday memory so not artificial
  • bad population validity as case study so unique to her and her memory will differ from others so can’t be generalized to all
24
Q

STM capacity evaluation

A
  • good internal validity as controlled lab experiment
  • reliable can be replicated as standardised procedure
  • bad ecological validity as not a fair test of everyday memory
25
Q

Coding evaluation

A

Baddeley

  • good internal validity as lab experiment, controlled environment
  • lack of ecological validity as not valid test of everyday memory
26
Q

STM duration research

A

Peterson + Peterson

  • 24 psychology students
  • nonsense trigrams, count backwards from 30 in threes to prevent rehearsal
  • recall trigrams after 3 seconds
  • Interval increase by 3 seconds each time
  • 80% recalled after 3 seconds, 10% after 18 seconds
27
Q

STM duration evaluation

A

Trigrams

  • good internal validity as lab experiment
  • limited sample as opportunity sampling not representable of whole target population so not fully generalisable

AQA; A-Level Psychology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions