Membranes Active Transport

Question 1

What is active transport?

Answer 1

the use of energy from ATP to move particles across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient , from a low concentration to a high concentration via a carrier protein

Question 2

What parts of the membrane are used in active transport?

Answer 2

Carrier proteins
Co-transporters

Question 3

What is a similarity between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Answer 3

they both use carrier proteins

Question 4

How does ATP give energy to the process active transport?

Answer 4

ATP breaks down into ADP and Pi , breaking the bond between the phosphate groups releases energy.

Question 5

In active transport what happens to the carrier protein in order to begin moving particles against the concentration gradient?

Answer 5

A phosphate group breaks from ATP , this activates the carrier protein giving it energy and thus changing its shape allowing it to transport the molecule across the membrane.

Question 6

What are co-transporters?

Answer 6

type of carrier protein

Question 7

Explain how a co-transporter works?

Answer 7

A co transporter binds two molecules at a time , it uses the concentration gradient of one molecule to move the other molecule against its concentration gradient. (One goes down and one goes against its conc grad)

Question 8

How does co transport work in the small intestine ?

Question 9

Which factors affect the rate of active transport?

Answer 9

The speed of the carrier proteins - carrier proteins that work more quickly allow for a quicker rate of active transport

The number of carrier proteins present , more cariier proteins means an increased rate of active transport.

The rate of respiration in a cell , if a cell does not respire very much it will not synthesis very much ATP , this mean active transport will be restricted as ATP is essential to the process