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human physiology and pathophysiology lab > Membrane Transport > Flashcards

Membrane Transport Flashcards

1
Q

refers tothe movement of particles (solute) across or through a membranous barrier

A

membrane transport

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2
Q

Type of Membrane Transport

A

Passive
Active

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3
Q

type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes.

A

passive transport

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4
Q

Types of Passive Transport

A

Diffusion
Facillitated Diffusion
Osmosis

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5
Q

the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient.
Requires cellular energy to achieve this movement

A

Active Transport

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6
Q

Types of Active Transport

A

Primary & Secondary Active Transport
Endocytosis & Exocytosis

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7
Q

The outermost component of cell and forms the boundary between material inside and outside material

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Acting as a barrier that determined what moves into and out of the cell

A

Cell membrane

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9
Q

Cell membrane consist of

A

Extracellular substances
Intracellular substances

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10
Q

It is which a cell membrane have that allows only certain substances to pass in and out of the cell

A

Selective Permeability

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11
Q

Some materials can pass through while others are excluded

A

Selectively Permeable Barrier

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12
Q

High Concentration Inside the Cell

A

Enzymes
Glycogen
Potassium

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13
Q

High Concentration Outside the Cell

A

Sodium
Calcium
Chloride

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14
Q

involved in the movement of substance both entry and exit in the cell. They transport substances without binding to them and without spending energy

A

Transmembrane Protein Channel

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15
Q

It is substance that can pass directly through the cell membrane’s phospholipid bilayer

A

O2
CO2

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16
Q

In cell membrane some substances must pass through? Like?

A

Transmembrane protein channel
Na+

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17
Q

Route of transport through the membrane depends on

A

Size
Shape
Charge of substance

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18
Q

What do glucose required to be transported across the cell membrane

A

Carrier molecules

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19
Q

Some substances also require ____ across the membrane

A

Vesicular Transport

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20
Q

It must fuse with the cell membrane for transport

A

Vesicle

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21
Q

Membrane Characteristics

A

Selectively Permeable
Asymmetric
Amphiphilic

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22
Q

2 Basic Methods of Movement Through Cell Membrane

A

Passive Transport
Active Transport

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23
Q

Homogeneous mixture of two or more components

A

Solution

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24
Q

Example of Solution

A

Air
Fluid of Plasma Membrane
Seawater
Rubbing alcohol

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25
Q

Disolving medium
Typically water in the body

A

Solvent

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26
Q

Components in smaller quantities within a solution

A

Solute

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27
Q

The difference in the concentration of a solute in a solvent between two points divided by the distance between the two points

A

Concentration Gradient

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28
Q

Passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

A

Diffusion

29
Q

3 Condition that molecules will move by diffusion

A
  1. Molecules are small enough to pass through the membrane’s pores (channels formed by membrane proteins) (FD)
  2. The molecules are lipid-soluble (D)
  3. The molecules are assisted by a membrane carrier (FD)
30
Q

Types of Cell Membrane Channel

A

Leak Channels
Gated Channels

31
Q

Constantly allow ions to pass through

A

Leak channels

32
Q

Limit the movement of ions across the membrane by opening and closing

A

Gated channels

33
Q

Diffusion of water across selectively permeable membrane, such as the cell membrane, from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration

A

Osmosis

34
Q

Pressure created by water moving across the membrane due to osmosis

A

Osmotic Pressure

35
Q

The more water moving across the membrane, the?

A

Higher the osmostic pressure

36
Q

Diff. Solution

A

Hypotonic Solution
Hypertonic Solution
Isotonic Solution

37
Q

where the water moves

A

Hypertonic areas

38
Q

Lower solute concentration compared to the intracellular solute concentration
lower concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow out of it
Swell

A

Hypotonic Solution

39
Q

higher concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow into it

A

Hypertonic solution

40
Q

same solute concentration and water concentration compared to body fluids

A

Isotonic solution

41
Q

Cell Swell

A

Hypotonic

42
Q

Cell Shrink

A

Hypertonic

43
Q

Cell neither shrink nor swell

A

Isotonic

44
Q

Proteins within the cell membrane

A

Carrier molecules

45
Q

Carrier molecules are involved in this mechanism which move large, water-soluble molecules or electrically charged ions across the cell membrane

A

Carrier-Mediated Transport Mechanism

46
Q

It is where molecule to be transported bind on one side of the molecule

A

Specific Carrier Molecule

47
Q

Carrier Mediated Trasport Mechanism Include:

A

Facilitated Diffusion and Active Transport

48
Q

Exhibit specificity which means only specific molecules are transported by the carriers

A

Carrier Mediated Transport Mechanism

49
Q

Does not require ATP for energy

A

Facilitated Diffusion

50
Q

Does require ATP for transport

A

Active Transport

51
Q

Carrier-mediated
transport process that
moves substances from an
area of high concentration
to an area of low
concentration with the help
of a transport molecule

A

Facilitated Diffusion

52
Q

Carrier-mediated process
that moves substances
across the cell membrane
from regions of lower
concentration to those of
higher concentration
against a concentration
gradient

A

Active Transport

53
Q

Primary Active Transport

A

NaK Pump

54
Q

Moves Na+ out of cells and K+ into cell

A

Sodium-Potassium Pump

55
Q

Sodium Potassium Pump is necessary for

A

Nerve Impulses

56
Q

Result of Sodium-Potassium Pump

A

Higher Concentration of Sodium/Na+ outside cell
Higher Concentration of Potassium/K+ inside cell

57
Q

Secondary Active Transport

A

Cotransport
Countertransport

58
Q

The diffusing substance moves in the same direction as the transported substance

A

Cotransport

59
Q

The diffusing substance moves in the direction opposite to that of the transported substance

A

Countertransport

60
Q

Large water-soluble
molecules, small pieces of
matter, and even whole
cells can be transported
across cell membranes in
membrane-bound sacs
called

A

Vesicle

61
Q

Uptake of material through the cell membrane by the formation of a vesicle

A

Endocytosis

62
Q

Endocytosis

A

Receptor-Mediated
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis

63
Q

occurs when a specific
substance binds to
the receptor molecule
and is transported
into the cell

A

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

64
Q

Used for endocytosis
when solid particles are
ingested
Engulf large particles
Protective mechanism,
not a means of getting
nutrients

A

Phagocytosis

65
Q

Cell-Eating

A

Phagocytosis

66
Q

Smaller vesicles are formed,
they contain liquid rather than
solid particles
Plasma membrane forms a pit,
and edges fuse around droplet
of fluid
Cell “gulps” droplets of extracellular fluid cobtaining dissolved protein or fats

A

Pinocytosis

67
Q

Cell-Drinking

A

Pinocytosis

68
Q

Process when secretory vesicles move to the cell membrane, where the membrane of the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and the material in the vesicle is eliminated from the cell

A

Exocytosis

human physiology and pathophysiology lab (3 decks)

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