Membrane Proteins Functions Flashcards

1
Q
  • A protein (left) that spans the membrane may provide a hydrophilic channel across the membrane that is selective for a particular solute.
  • Some transport proteins (right) hydrolyze ATP as an energy source to actively pump substances across the membrane.
A

Transport

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2
Q

*A membrane protein exposed to the outside of the cell may have a binding site that fits the shape of a specific chemical messenger, such as a hormone.
*When bound, the chemical messenger may cause a change in shape in the protein that initiates a chain of chemical reactions in the cell.

A

Receptors for signal transduction

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3
Q

*A membrane protein may be an enzyme with its active site exposed to substances in the adjacent solution.
*A team of several enzymes in a membrane may catalyze sequential steps of a metabolic pathway as indicated (left to right) here.

A

Enzymatic activity

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4
Q

Some glycoproteins (proteins bonded to short chains of sugars which help to make up the glycocalyx) serve as identification tags that are specifically recognized by other cells.

A

Cell-cell recognition

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5
Q

Elements of the cytoskeleton (cell’s internal framework) and the extracellular matrix (fibers and other substances outside the cell) may anchor to membrane proteins.
* Helps maintain cell shape, fixes the location of certain membrane proteins, and plays a role in cell movement.

A

Attachment to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM)

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6
Q

Membrane proteins of adjacent cells may be hooked together in various kinds of intercellular junctions.
* Some membrane proteins (cell adhesion molecules or CAMs) of this group provide temporary binding sites that guide cell migration and other cell-to-cell interactions.

A

Cell-to-cell joining

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