Meiosis Vocab

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

Form of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells; important in forming gametes for sexual reproduction

Question 2

Somatic Cell

Answer 2

Cell that makes up all of the body tissues and organs, except gametes.

Body cells

Question 3

Gamete

Answer 3

Sex cell; an egg or a sperm cell

Question 4

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 4

Chromosomes that have the same length, appearance, and copies of genes, although the alleles may differ

Chromosome that heve the same gene

Question 5

Autosome

Answer 5

Chromosome that contains genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of the organism.

Question 6

Sex Chromosome

Answer 6

Chromosome that directly controls the development of sexual characteristics

Question 7

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 7

Process by which two gametes fuse and offspring that are a genetic mixture of both parents are produced

fusion of egg and sperm cell

Question 8

Fertilization

Answer 8

Fusion of an egg and sperm cell

Question 9

Diploid

Answer 9

Cell that has two copies of each chromosome, one from an egg and one from a sperm

46 chromosomes
n

Question 10

Haploid

Answer 10

Cell that has only one copy of each chromosome

23 chromosomes
1/2 n

Question 11

Crossing Over

Answer 11

Exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.

Question 12

Gametogenesis

Answer 12

Process by which gametes are produced through the combination of meiosis and other maturational changes

Question 13

Sperm

Answer 13

male gamete

Question 14

Egg

Answer 14

female gamete

Question 15

Polar Body

Answer 15

haploid cell produced during meiosis in the female of many species; these cells have little more than DNA and eventually disintegrate

haploid cell, little more DNA, eventually disintegrate