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Science - Genetics > Meiosis Fertilisation > Flashcards

Meiosis Fertilisation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Meiosis

A

Special type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes and produce 4 daughter cells (gametes)

(Sex cell / gametes / egg cells/ sperm cells)

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2
Q

Gametes

A

Reproductive cell of an animal or plant, female gamete are ova, male gamete are sperm, gametes are haploid cells. Produced for reproduction

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3
Q

Haploid

A

A single set of chromosomes in an organism’s cells

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4
Q

Fertilisation

A

Process that combines genetic material from two parents.
Haploid + Haploid = diploid

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5
Q

Diploid

A

contains two set of chromosomes

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6
Q

Plant fertilisation

A

They form offspring that inherit half of their DNA from one parent and half from another.

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7
Q

female gametes

A

eggs, can be fertilised by the pollen from another flower.

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8
Q

Male gametes

A

Pollen, can be collected or released from

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9
Q

Karyogram

A

Individuals complete set of chromosomes

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10
Q

Male reproductive system of a flower

A

Anther (contains pollen)

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11
Q

Female reproductive system of a flower

A

Pistil

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12
Q

The stem of a Flower

A

Peduncle

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13
Q

A section of DNA that codes for protein

A

Gene

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14
Q

Why meiosis is necessary for fertilisation

A

It halves the number of chromosomes to create gametes so that the diploid number is restored during fertilization.

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15
Q

Zygote

A

A zygote is a fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete. (A humans zygote has 46 chromosomes)

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16
Q

Where the male gametes be found

A

Anther

17
Q

Human fertilisation

A

Egg with 23 chromosomes + Sperm with 23 chromosomes = Zygote with 46 chromosomes

18
Q

Male gametes in plant

A

pollen (can be collected and released from)

19
Q

Female gametes

A

Eggs (can be fertilised by the polllen from another flower)

20
Q

What release pollen

A

Anther (花蕊+花蕊的杆子）

21
Q

What receives pollen

A

Stigma (绿色的心/杆子）

22
Q

Where does fertilisation occur

A

The bottom of the flower (the base connected to the pole of the flower)

Science - Genetics (10 decks)

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