Meiosis Fertilisation Flashcards
Meiosis
Special type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes and produce 4 daughter cells (gametes)
(Sex cell / gametes / egg cells/ sperm cells)
Gametes
Reproductive cell of an animal or plant, female gamete are ova, male gamete are sperm, gametes are haploid cells. Produced for reproduction
Haploid
A single set of chromosomes in an organism’s cells
Fertilisation
Process that combines genetic material from two parents.
Haploid + Haploid = diploid
Diploid
contains two set of chromosomes
Plant fertilisation
They form offspring that inherit half of their DNA from one parent and half from another.
female gametes
eggs, can be fertilised by the pollen from another flower.
Male gametes
Pollen, can be collected or released from
Karyogram
Individuals complete set of chromosomes
Male reproductive system of a flower
Anther (contains pollen)
Female reproductive system of a flower
Pistil
The stem of a Flower
Peduncle
A section of DNA that codes for protein
Gene
Why meiosis is necessary for fertilisation
It halves the number of chromosomes to create gametes so that the diploid number is restored during fertilization.
Zygote
A zygote is a fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete. (A humans zygote has 46 chromosomes)
Where the male gametes be found
Anther
Human fertilisation
Egg with 23 chromosomes + Sperm with 23 chromosomes = Zygote with 46 chromosomes
Male gametes in plant
pollen (can be collected and released from)
Female gametes
Eggs (can be fertilised by the polllen from another flower)
What release pollen
Anther (花蕊+花蕊的杆子）
What receives pollen
Stigma (绿色的心/杆子）
Where does fertilisation occur
The bottom of the flower (the base connected to the pole of the flower)
