Genes

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

Made up of sequences of DNA at specific locations on chromosomes

Question 2

Amino Acids

Answer 2

Form proteins

Question 3

Gene to Protein

Answer 3

sequence of bases in a gene determines which amino acids are used to build the protein - sequence of amino acids determines the shape of the protein - the shape of protein determines the function of the protein - the function of the protein affects the traits of the organism.

Question 4

Alleles

Answer 4

Different versions of genes, have same position on a chromosome as each other, but have slightly different base sequences.

Question 5

Genotypes

Answer 5

Pair of alleles that an individual has, written in pairs of letters

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

Physical characteristics, are determined by alleles in genotype.
Written as descriptions of what the trait looks like.

Question 7

Dominant

Answer 7

A dominant trait or gene

Question 8

Recessive

Answer 8

A trait that is expressed only when the genotype is homozygous

Question 9

Homozygous

Answer 9

Two copies of the same allele (both dominant or recessive)
- Homozygous dominant –> dominant phenotype (BB)
- Homozygous recessive –> recessive phenotype (bb)

Question 10

Heterozygous

Answer 10

Has one dominant allele and one recessive allele.
(Bb)

Question 11

Amino acids

Answer 11

building blocks of proteins

Question 12

Types of genotypes

Answer 12

Tt - Heterozygous genotype
bb- Homozygous recessive genotype
TT - homozygous dominant genotype