Meiosis

Question 1

what is meiosis

Answer 1

cell division that produces haploid cells (gametes); 4 unique cells

Question 2

stages of meiosis

Answer 2

interphase:
- G1: cell growth
- S-phase: DNA replication 
- G2: preparation for division
Meiosis I
Interkinesis: interphase without S-phase
Meiosis II
cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm

Question 3

what happens in metaphase I and anaphase I

Answer 3

1 - tetrads align at equator

2 - homologous pairs separate

Question 4

what is interkinesis

Answer 4

interphase without S-phase

Question 5

what happens in meiosis II

Answer 5

steps are just like in mitosis except with haploid cells

Question 6

what happens in prophase I

Answer 6

homologuous chromosomes pair up (tetrads form), crossing over occurs,

Question 7

when does cytokinesis happen

Answer 7

it is division of cytoplasm and occurs at the same time as division of chromosomes

Question 8

in what ways does meiosis create genetic variation

Answer 8

• crossing over makes that there are genes from both parents (resulting in 4 different chromatids)
• random fertilization (8 million possible combinations of chromosomes, 12 dad 11 mom …..) orientation of the chromosomes is random

Question 9

what is the phenotype

Answer 9

appearance

Question 10

What is the locus

Answer 10

position (2 homologuous chromosomes have them in genes in same spot, one is G other is g for example) both sister chromatids of each chromosome have the same allele

Question 11

What is the allele

Answer 11

alternative versions of gene (G or g)

Question 12

meaning of homozygous and heterozygous

Answer 12

homo = same allele (true breeding)
hetero = different alleles

Question 13

genotype

Answer 13

combination of alleles and genes