Meiosis

Question 1

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 1

When one organism is produced by two organisms with sex cells. It requires sperm and egg, which creates a zygote.

Question 2

What are sex cells?

Answer 2

Either a…

Egg: female reproductive cell
Sperm: male reproductive cell

Question 3

What is fertilization?

Answer 3

The joining of an egg and a sperm.

Question 4

What is a zygote?

Answer 4

The first cell of a new organism. The zygote is a diploid.

Question 5

What are Haploid Cells?

Answer 5

A cell with half the number of chromosomes. Sex cells have 23 chromosomes in humans. Offspring inherit these chromosomes from both parent sex cells, resulting, most of the time, in 46 chromosomes.

Question 6

What is Meiosis?

Answer 6

A process of producing four haploid cells.

Question 7

What happens during Interphase I?

Answer 7

This is the growth and development stage.

Question 8

What occurs in Prophase I?

Answer 8

The nuclear membrane disintegrates. Crossing over occurs and chromosomes are visible. Spindle fibers appear.

Question 9

Define Synapsis.

Answer 9

When the homologous chromosomes partner.

Question 10

What is Metaphase I?

Answer 10

Partner chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. (METAphase = middle)

Question 11

What happens during Anaphase I?

Answer 11

Similar chromosomes are pulled apart. (ANAphase = AWAY)

Question 12

What goes on during Telophase I?

Answer 12

The cytoplasm divides and two new cells are formed. This is the last stage of Meiosis I.

Question 13

In Meiosis II, what happens during Prophase II?

Answer 13

The spindle fibers reappear.

Question 14

Metaphase II is when…

Answer 14

The chromosomes move to the center of each cells. (METAphase = MIDDLE)

Question 15

What happens in Anaphase II is…

Answer 15

The spindle fibers separate the chromatids. Each chromatid moves to the opposite of ends of the cell. (ANAphase = AWAY)

Question 16

In the last stage of Meiosis II, Telophase II is when…

Answer 16

The spindle fibers disappear, the nuclear membrane appears, and the cytoplasm divides.

D.A.D

Disappear
Appear
Divide

Question 17

Summary of Meiosis.

Answer 17

At the end of Meiosis I, two haploid cells are formed. And at the end of Meiosis II, there are four new haploid cells.

Question 18

What are some mistakes in Meiosis?

Answer 18

• Some sex cells can have too many chromosomes or too little.
• Zygotes from those particular sex cells either die or develop into an organism with physical and/or cognitive disabilities.
• Polyploidy is an example. This is when a DIPLOID cell is fertilized by a HAPLOID cell. Baby either miscarries or is born with severe heart defects.
• Down syndrome is caused by having an extra 21 chromosome.

Question 19

What are Diploid Cells?

Answer 19

A cell that has the full number of chromosomes. (have pairs) Humans have 23 pairs or 46 chromosomes.