Meiosis Flashcards
What is the nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half
Meiosis
Where are gametes formed
During meiosis and haploid
How many nuclear divisions are there in meiosis
2
What are the two nuclear divine referred to as
Meiosis 1 and meiosis 2
What’s a tetrad
Chromosomes that twist around each other
In prophase 1 it is the same as ___ but chromosomes line up next to a ___ during a process called ____
Mitosis
Partner
Synapsis
In metaphase 1 the ___ are moved by spindle fibers to the equator of the cells and the ___ ___ of chromosomes remain together
Tetrads
Homologous pairs
In anaphase 1 the ___ ___ of chromosomes are separated and each chromosome I’d still composed of two ___ joined by a centromere
Homologous pairs
Chromatids
In telephase 1 the ___ divides and forms two daughter cells and each cell has ___ the original number of chromosomes
Cytoplasm
Half
I’m prophase 2 the ___ uncoil and are reformed from the chromatin and new ___ ___ form
Chromosomes
New spindles
In metaphase 2 the ___ are moved to the cell equator and each is attached to spindle fibers at the ___
Chromosome
Centromere
I’m anaphase 2 the ___ joining the chromatids divide, freeing the sister chromatids form each other and they move to
Centromeres
Opposite poles within the cell
In telophase 2 ___ dissolve and ___ reappears and ___ occurs after telophase 2
Spindles
Nucleus
Cytokinesis
Where is mitosis done
Meiosis?
Mitosis- body cells
Meiosis- sex organs
What cells are produced after mitosis
Meiosis?
Mitosis- two exact copies of original cell
Meiosis- 4 different cells
What’s the difference between the number of chromosomes between the two cells after mitosis
Meiosis?
Mitosis- same # of chromosome as parent cell
Meiosis- half # of chromosomes as parent cell
What prices uses crossing over
Meiosis
What are the three that account for genetic variation
- independent and assortment
- crossing over
- random fertilization
The random distribution of homologous chromosomes
Independent assortment
In independent assortment each of the 23 pairs ___ independently and the ___ or ___ gametes with different gene combinations
Segregate
2 to the 23rd or 8 million
What adds the different possible combinations from independent assortment
Crossing-over and random fertilization
In ___ ___ and ___ ___ there are and unlimited number of genetic variations are possible
Crossing-over and random fertilization
Memos and gamete formation develop when the individual reaches ___
Puberty
What cell forms in the female ovary
Egg
