Meiosis Flashcards
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse haploid cells.
True or False: Meiosis consists of two rounds of cell division.
True
Fill in the blank: Meiosis occurs in ______ cells to produce gametes.
germ
What are the two main stages of meiosis?
Meiosis I and Meiosis II
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a key outcome of meiosis? a) Identical daughter cells b) Genetic diversity c) Increased chromosome number
b) Genetic diversity
What is the significance of homologous chromosomes in meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis I, allowing for genetic recombination and independent assortment.
True or False: Meiosis results in diploid cells.
False
What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
Crossing over
Fill in the blank: The final result of meiosis is ______ haploid cells.
four
What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis produces four genetically diverse haploid cells, while mitosis produces two identical diploid cells.
During which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase II
Multiple choice: Which phase follows Metaphase I? a) Telophase I b) Anaphase I c) Prophase II
b) Anaphase I
True or False: Meiosis occurs in both somatic and germ cells.
False
What role does the spindle apparatus play in meiosis?
The spindle apparatus helps to separate chromosomes during cell division.
Fill in the blank: The process of meiosis contributes to genetic ______ in populations.
variation
What are gametes?
Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that are produced by meiosis.
During which meiosis phase do the chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plane?
Metaphase I and Metaphase II
True or False: Meiosis only occurs in animals.
False
What is aneuploidy?
Aneuploidy is a condition in which the number of chromosomes is not an exact multiple of the haploid number, often due to errors in meiosis.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a phase of meiosis? a) Prophase b) Metaphase c) Interphase
c) Interphase
What is the role of the chiasma during meiosis?
Chiasmata are points where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during crossing over.
Fill in the blank: The reduction in chromosome number during meiosis is essential for maintaining ______ in sexually reproducing organisms.
genomic stability
What happens during Telophase I?
During Telophase I, the nuclear envelope may reform, and the cell divides into two haploid cells.
