Definitions

Question 1

Define Genome

Answer 1

a complete set of genes for a particular organism

Question 2

Define Gene

Answer 2

a section of DNA that codes a particular characteristic

Question 3

Define Allele

Answer 3

different forms of a gene

Question 4

Define Gametes

Answer 4

sex cells(haploids) – egg and sperm cells

Question 5

Define Somatic Cells

Answer 5

body cells (diploid)

Question 6

Define Hybrid

Answer 6

cross between two distinctly different parents

Question 7

Define Phenotype

Answer 7

outward appearance of an organism (physical expression of genes)

Question 8

Define Genotype

Answer 8

the genetic constitution of an individual organism

Question 9

Define Homozygous

Answer 9

Two identical alleles for a specific gene at the same locus on homologous chromosomes. E.g. TT

Question 10

Define Heterozygous

Answer 10

Two different alleles for a specific gene at the same locus on homologous chromosomes. E.g. Tt

Question 11

Define Dominant

Answer 11

trait will appear in phenotype if present in genotype(homo or heterozygous)

Question 12

Define Recessive

Answer 12

trait will be masked by the presence of dominant traits (only appear when homozygous)

Question 13

Define Autosomes

Answer 13

Chromosomes in a cell that are not involved in determining the sex of an organism. (humans have 22; does not include x and y chromosomes)

Question 14

Define Gonosomes

Answer 14

Chromosomes that determine the biological sex of an organism. (humans have the x and y chromosomes)