Meiosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What does meiosis do

A

Produces cells which are haploid for sexual reproduction (gametes)

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2
Q

Prophase I

A
  • chromosomes form bivalents (pairs of homologous chromosomes)
  • arms of chromatids may cross over to form chiasmata. Genetic material can be exchanged between chromosomes and increase genetic variation
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3
Q

Describe crossing over

A

Arms of chromatids cross over each other, forming chiasmata. Genetic material can be exchanged between homologous chromosomes. This increases genetic variation

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4
Q

Metaphase I

A

• homologous chromosomes arrange themselves in pairs along equator.

• random assortment occurs. Homologous chromosomes from both parents arrange themselves randomly along spindle, facing each pole

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5
Q

Describe random assortment

A

Homologous chromosomes from both parents arrange themselves randomly along the spindle facing each pole

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6
Q

Anaphase I

A

Chromosome bivalents separate as each chromosome is pulled by its centromere (doesn’t split) towards opposite poles

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7
Q

Telophase I

A

• nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes at the poles.
• as the chromosome pairs have separated, chromosomes are no linger in lairs and the cells are haploid

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8
Q

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telphase II

A

Events occur in each new nucleus exactly like in mitosis. Then cytokinesis occurs to create 4 genetically varied cells

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9
Q

Compare mitosis and meiosis

A

• 1 nuclear division in Mitosis, 2 in meiosis.
• 2 daughter cells in Mitosis, 4 in meiosis.
• genetically identical cells in mitosis, genetically different in meiosis.
• no pairing of homologous chromosomes in mitosis, is in meiosis to form bivalents.

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10
Q

Can haploid cells divide by meiosis?

A

No, only mitosis

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