Meiosis Flashcards
What is meiosis?
The process where a diploid cell is converted into four haploid nuclei or cells.
Meiosis includes ___ round of chromosomal replication and ___ nuclear divisions.
one, two
How are unique combinations of alleles made during meiosis?
The segregation of homologs is random so different gametes end up with different alleles.
There is a random mix of what type of chromosomes in each of the four haploid cell produces by meiosis II?
maternal, paternal
What do sexually reproducing organisms use sexual reproduction for?
To alter and to merge haploid cells into diploid cells
The paternal and maternal chromosomes pair up before lining up where?
The metaphase plate.
What is a bivalent?
Two homologous chromosomes bound together.
What does a formation of a bivalent during meiosis ensure?
that all four sister chromatids remain together until the cell is ready to divide.
What holds chromosomes together until the cell is ready to divide?
Chiasmata
What is a zygote?
A fertilized egg
What are some advantages of sexual reproduction?
Reshuffles genes which helps species in different or changing environments, speeds up elimination of deleterious alleles, allows unicellular organisms to adapt to harsh environments.
What phase are sister chromatids separated in?
Anaphase II
When does meiosis resemble mitosis most?
During meiosis II
What are the results of meiosis I and meiosis II?
I = two haploid cells, II = four haploid cells.
When does the synaptonemal complex become fully developed?
during pachytene of prophase I
