meiosis

Question 1

in cell division, the process that ensures each gamete is haploid

Answer 1

meiosis

Question 2

matching pairs of chromosomes

Answer 2

homolougous pairs

Question 3

the gametes in male animals

Answer 3

sperm

Question 4

in a female animal, the organ in which eggs are produced; in a plant, the part that holds the young seeds

Answer 4

ovary

Question 5

differences in characteristics caused by genetic and environmental factors

Answer 5

variation

Question 6

having two sets of chromosomes; the diploid number for a human cell is 46 (2 x 23)

Answer 6

diploid

Question 7

the new cell formed by the process of fertilization

Answer 7

zygote

Question 8

the male gonads

Answer 8

testes

Question 9

a specialized cell for reproduction (e.g., egg cell, sperm cell)

Answer 9

gamete

Question 10

having a single set of chromosomes; the haploid number for a human cell is 23

Answer 10

haploid

Question 11

a reproductive organ; in humans, male gonads are called testes and female gonads are called ovaries

Answer 11

gonad

Question 12

the gametes in female animals electric charge a property of matter having an excess of electrons (a negative charge) or a deficiency of electrons (a positive charge)

Answer 12

eggs

Question 13

what are the differences between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 13

mitosis produces body / somatic cells where as meiosis produces gametes / sex cells
- also meiosis requires 2 organisms to reproduce where as mitosis can reduce on its own

Question 14

what are the similarities between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 14

• both involve cell division
• syntheis of dna occur in both
• both include Pmat

Question 15

what happens in prophase 1

Answer 15

crossing over occurs

Question 16

what happens in metaphase 1

Answer 16

homologous pairs are stacked on top of eachother aligned on either side of the equilatoral plate

Question 17

what happens in anaphase 1

Answer 17

the homologous pairs are pulled apart and move apart to oppisite ends of the cell as spindle fibers contract .

Question 18

what happens in telophase 1

Answer 18

the chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell and the chromosomes decondense ,

Question 19

what happens in prophase 2

Answer 19

chromosomes condense

Question 20

what happens in metaphase 2

Answer 20

the chromosomes line up individually along the metaphase plate

Question 21

what happens in anaphase 2

Answer 21

the sister chromatids are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell, the chromosomes are now single stranded

Question 22

what happens in telophase 2

Answer 22

nucleur membranes form around each set of chromosomes , the chromosomes decondense .

Question 23

what does diploid mean ?

Answer 23

containing two complete sets of chromosomes

Question 24

what are gametes

Answer 24

sex cells

Question 25

compare metaphase 1 to metaphase 2

Answer 25

in metaphase 1 the chromosomes are stacked on top of eachother as where metaphase 2 has the chromosomes lined up in single file along the metaphase plate

Question 26

compare anaphase 1 to anaphase of mitosis

Answer 26

In mitosis the pairs seperate in meiosis they stay together and move to the poles

Question 27

what phase of anaphase is similar to mitosis

Answer 27

anaphase ii because the chromosomes move to different poles

Question 28

what are homologous chromosomes

Answer 28

Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that share: The same structural features , the same genes etc

Question 29

what are sister chromatids

Answer 29

Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a single replicated chromosome that are connected by a centromere.

Question 30

how many chromosomes are there at the end of meiosis

Answer 30

23

Question 31

what are similarities between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 31

- both involve cell division - synthesis of dna occur in both - similar phases ( pmat )