MEH

Question 1

A time lag between the discovery of a theory and its application to practice is

Answer 1

not uncommon

Question 2

Science is:

Answer 2

the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation, experimentation, and the testing of theories against the evidence obtained

Question 3

The term applied science refers to:

Answer 3

using scientific knowledge for practical applications

Question 4

Technology is the branch of:

Answer 4

knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment.

Question 5

Antiscience is a set of attitudes that involve:

Answer 5

a rejection of science and the scientific method

Question 6

Skolimowski argues that:

Answer 6

Science and technology are two different endeavors

Question 7

Skolimowski talks about:

Answer 7

the specific structure of thinking characteristics for different branches of technology. He argues that what is specific for thinking in mechanical engineering is: Efficiency

Question 8

Technological laboratories established in industrial companies such as General Electric, DuPont, Kodak, etc. are functioning mainly as:

Answer 8

institutes directed toward technological improvement by linking applied and pure sciences with manufacturing

Question 9

According to Mario Bunge:

Answer 9

Operative theories provide knowledge about the body of action; Substantive theories are concerned with the action itself. BOTH ARE INCORRECT

Question 10

The Neolithic Revolution happened:

Answer 10

12000 years ago (10,000 BC)

Question 11

Dividing a circle into 360 degrees, a degree into 60 seconds, and a day into 24 hours were invented by:

Answer 11

Babylonians

Question 11

According to Skolimowski:

Answer 11

Science and technology are different, and the difference between them can be best grasped by examining scientific and technological progress.

Question 12

Mesopotamian Civilizations:

Answer 12

Established based on irrigation agriculture and developed centralized political authority and complex bureaucracies.

Question 13

Three crucial cultural/scientific inventions in Early Mesopotamian civilizations were:

Answer 13

Writing, Mathematics, Astronomy

Question 14

The Neolithic revolution was a techno-economic process. It means that:

Answer 14

The Neolithic revolution occurred without the aid or input of any independent “science.”

Question 15

The surplus of food in post-Neolithic civilizations:

Answer 15

Was used to feed those who did not farm, people such as religious, political, or military leaders.

Question 16

The size of the surplus is determined by:

Answer 16

The amount of energy, the society’s technology, the mix of its economy, and the size of its population.

Question 17

The development of the Irrigation System in Mesopotamia also led to the development of:

Answer 17

Civil laws to observe justice in the distribution of water, canals, and aqueducts

Question 18

The potter’s wheel was invented in:

Answer 18

Mesopotamia, between 6,000 and 4,000 BC

Question 19

Among urban products in early civilizations, one can name:

Answer 19

Pottery, wines, oils, cosmetics

Question 20

What was the main limitation of ancient natural energies?

Answer 20

Transmission of the energy was difficult and power should be used very close to their production facility

Question 21

The Remainder Theorem developed by:

Answer 21

the Chinese

Question 22

In prehistoric/preliterate tradition:

Answer 22

The only archive was the human memory and Information and facts were aggregative rather than analytic

Question 23

The concept of ‘Natural Laws’ is developed:

Answer 23

universally/nature

Question 24

The invention of writing was a prerequisite for the development of:

Answer 24

philosophy and science.

Question 25

Sophisticated concepts and abstractions can develop within an:

Answer 25

efficient language and writing system.

Question 25

The development of philosophy and science was a function of:

Answer 25

the efficiency of the system of writing.

Question 26

When was the Great Pyramid of Giza built?

Answer 26

4500 years ago (2500 BC)

Question 27

Zero was invented by the

Answer 27

Mayans

Question 28

In any pyramid construction theory, one should explain:

Answer 28

Ramp theories, Methods of orientation correction, Methods of placing the casing stones, Methods of construction, Methods of delivering stones to higher courses

Question 29

What types of people were pyramids built for?

Answer 29

Pharaohs

Question 30

Recent theories of Pyramid construction suggest that:

Answer 30

Pyramid Giza was constructed from inside to outside using some internal ramps and Pyramids, most probably, were built in three successive phases, with each phase intended as a finished product

Question 31

During and after AD 1000, the main customers of Chinese iron were:

Answer 31

the army, farmers, Buddhists

Question 32

Among the Chinese innovations in the field of hydraulics were:

Answer 32

Spillways and pound locks

Question 33

Four Chinese inventions reached Europe:

Answer 33

Gunpowder, Paper, Printing, Compass

Question 34

What is the possible interaction between population increase and technology?

Answer 34

Increase in population creates more demand for food and other necessities
An increase in needs causes technological innovations to produce more
An increase in population has a direct impact on ‘survival technologies.

Question 35

Chinese artificial canals were mainly used for:

Answer 35

the transportation of Iron

Question 36

a system of word signs (or
logograms) appeared:

Answer 36

Around 3000 B.C.

Question 37

African mathematics is hidden in their:

Answer 37

• Architectural designs
• Abstract patterns
• Geometrical patterns

Question 38

What is the ishango bone?

Answer 38

Probably the oldest mathematical object from Africa

Question 39

Mark the correct statement:

SKIP THIS ONE (STUDY THIS ONE DIFFERENTLY)

Answer 39

A) During the first half of the 16th century, Spaniards transferred new technologies into central America, especially Mexico, which caused a rapid increase in population in mexico

Question 40

Maya civilization consists of:

Answer 40

Accurate astronomy
Developed writing system
Positional number system
Developed administration
Great monuments and temples
Elaborate water management systems

Question 41

The arrival of Europeans on the mainland of Central America in the first half of the 16th century led to a disaster because of the combination of:

Answer 41

Military invasions and diseases