Medulla

Question 0

Pyramidal decussate on

Answer 0

Roughly 80-90% of corticospinal tract fibers cross, these fibers descend in the lateral funiculus, some fibers descend ipsilaterally via anterior funic. And lat funic.

Question 1

Medulla

Answer 1

Contains primary nuclei for autonom. Control of respiration, heart rate and BP

Question 2

Spinal trigeminal nucleus, and the spinal trigeminal tract

Answer 2

in the caudal medulla, takes the place of the dorsal horn of sp cord and tract takes the place of the lissauer tract.

Question 3

Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Answer 3

Receives GSA from the face and external ear, they enter with the trigem nerve and descend alone spinal trigem tract and synapse along its rostral caudal extent.

Question 4

Tuberculum cinereum

Answer 4

Surface marking in the medulla formed by the spinal tri tract and nucleus, it’s located laterally to the cuneate tract and nucleus

Question 5

Spinal tri nucleus subdivisions

Answer 5

Pars oralis- crude touch
Pars interpolaris- dental pain
Pars caudalis- pain and temperature input.

Question 6

Somatotopic organization of pars caudalis

Answer 6

Dorsal corresponds to V3, idle corresponds to V2, and ventral corresponds to V1
Sensory fibers from the external ear travel with CN 7, 9, and 10 to synapse in the dorsal ,oust part of the pars caudalis.

Question 7

Accessory nucleus

Answer 7

At level of pyramidal decussation, descends down to about the level of c6.
Contain GSE fibers that ascend throughout the foremen magnum and exit to Innervate the SCM and trap
Cortical input for SCM and trap are ipsilaterally and crossed resp.

Question 8

Dorsal column neurons

Answer 8

Ascend to synaps in the gracile and cuneate nuclei.

Question 9

Sensory decussation.

Answer 9

Dorsal column nuclei send axons that arc across the tegmentum to join the medial lemniscus. The arcing fibers are called internal architect fibers.

Question 10

Accessory cuneate nucleus,

Answer 10

receives proprioceptive input from upper extremity that is destine for the cerebellum.

Question 11

Cuneocerebellar tract

Answer 11

Ascends from the accessory cuneate nucleus to convey proprioception to the cerebellum via inferior cerebellar peduncle.

Question 12

Blood supply to the lower medulla

Answer 12

Anterior spinal a anteriorly, vertebral a. Anterolaterally, and posterior sp a. More rostrally it is PICA.

Question 13

Area postrema

Answer 13

Circumventrivular organ, contains sinusoid capillaries, Chemosensitive zone for trigger of emesisstimulated by blood born chemicals

Question 14

Restiform body

Answer 14

Located dorsolaterally, and provides a major pathway of afferents from the spinal cord and medulla to the cerebellum.

Question 15

Central tegmental nucleus

Answer 15

Local communication pathway within the brain stem.

Question 16

Ventral trigeminothalamic tract

Answer 16

Developes lateral to the medial lemniscus, caries pain and temp from the face, originates in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and goes to the thalamus.

Question 17

Principal olivary nucleus

Answer 17

Involved in planned or skilled voluntary movements primarily cortical afferents

Question 18

Medial and dorsal accessory olive

Answer 18

Predominantly spinal afferents

Question 19

Inf olivary complex

Answer 19

Output fibers go to the cerebellum through contra lateral inf cerebellar peduncle.

Question 20

Hypoglossal

Answer 20

Cortical Innervation is bilateral with a contra lateral dominance. Allows recovery from a one sided lesion.
Contains GSE fibers that mostly Innervate the muscles of the tongue.

Question 21

Nucleus ambiguous

Answer 21

Contains SVE fibers for inervation of pharyngeal arches, located between spinal trigeminal and inferior oliv. Cortical inervation is bilateral.

Question 22

Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

Answer 22

GVE fibers will travel with vagus o synapse on ganglia near organs in Thor and abd.
Receives input from solitary nuc and plays a roll in the barre petrol reflex.

Question 23

Solitary nucleus

Answer 23

Has two parts, rostral gustatory zone, receives SVA from 7 11 and 10. Sends fibers along central trigeminal tract to thalamus where it projects to the brain for conscious appreciation of taste.
Cauda cardiorespiratory zone- receives GVA from 9 and 10

Question 24

Vestibular nuclei

Answer 24

The inferior and medial vestibular nuclei are involved in balance equilibrium and movement of the eye. Found in rostral, dorsal, lateral aspect of the medulla. Damage will cause vertigo, nausea, nystagmus.

Question 25

Nucleus prepositous

Answer 25

Involved in visual fixation on objects.

Question 26

Inferior saliva tort nucleus

Answer 26

Origin of parasympathetic motor fibers to the parotid gland

Receives influences from hypothalamus and olfactory system