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BSN: 4th Quarter > MEDSURG FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

MEDSURG FINAL EXAM Flashcards

Includes weeks 8 & 9

1
Q
  1. Link the age-related changes in the integumentary system to differences in assessment findings.
  2. Obtain significant subjective and objective data related to the integumentary system from a patient.
  3. Compare the components for describing primary and secondary lesions.
  4. Perform a physical assessment of the integumentary system using appropriate techniques.
  5. Specify the structural and assessment differences in light- and dark-skinned persons.
  6. Distinguish normal from common abnormal findings of a physical assessment of the integumentary system.
  7. Describe the purpose, significance of results, and nursing responsibilities related to diagnostic studies of the integumentary system.
  8. Outline health promotion practices related to environmental hazards.
  9. Explain the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of skin cancers.
  10. Relate the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections.
  11. Describe the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of infestations and insect bites.
  12. Discuss the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of allergic skin disorders.
  13. Explain the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management related to benign skin disorders.
  14. Select appropriate nursing interventions to manage the patient with a skin problem.
  15. Explain the indications and nursing management related to common cosmetic procedures and skin grafts.
  16. Relate the causes of burns to prevention strategies for burn injuries.
    18 Distinguish between partial-thickness and full-thickness burns.
  17. Apply tools used to determine the severity of burns.
  18. Compare the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, and interprofessional care throughout the 21 burn phases.
  19. Compare the fluid and electrolyte shifts during the emergent and acute burn phases.
  20. Outline the nutritional needs of the burn patient.
    24 Compare burn wound care techniques and surgical options for partial-thickness and full-thickness burn wounds.
  21. Prioritize nursing interventions in the management of the burn patient’s physiologic and psychosocial needs.
  22. Examine the physiologic and psychosocial aspects of burn rehabilitation.
  23. Develop a plan of care to prepare the burn patient and caregiver for discharge.
A
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2
Q

STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL

A

– Skin assessment: what happens to your skin as you age?; where to look for S/Sx for different complexions
– Structure and f(x) of skin
– Dx of skin
– Ecchymosis, erythema, cyanosis, jaundice, pallor, petechiae, rash, scar
– RF for skin cancer + Malignant Melanoma
(who’s @ risk)
BURN
– Stages
– Fluid resuscitation: why its needed? SHOCK
– RN care for when burn patient goes home
– Pain control in emergent phase for burn patient
– Cultured Epithelial Autograft (CEA)

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3
Q

1. Describe the structures and functions of the integumentary system.

A
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4
Q

Who are at the highest RF for Malignant Melanoma?

A

– Red or blonde hair
– Light-colored eyes
– Fair skin that freckles
– Chronic sun exposure
– Family history

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5
Q
  1. Link the age-related changes in the integumentary system to differences in assessment findings.
A
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6
Q
  1. Obtain significant subjective and objective data related to the integumentary system from a patient.
A
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7
Q
  1. Compare the components for describing primary and secondary lesions.
A
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8
Q
  1. Perform a physical assessment of the integumentary system using appropriate techniques.
A
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9
Q
  1. Specify the structural and assessment differences in light- and dark-skinned persons.
A
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10
Q
  1. Distinguish normal from common abnormal findings of a physical assessment of the integumentary system.
A
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11
Q
  1. Describe the purpose, significance of results, and nursing responsibilities related to diagnostic studies of the integumentary system.
A
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12
Q
  1. Outline health promotion practices related to environmental hazards.
A
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13
Q
  1. Explain the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of skin cancers.
A
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14
Q
  1. Relate the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections.
A
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15
Q
  1. Describe the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of infestations and insect bites.
A
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16
Q
  1. Discuss the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of allergic skin disorders.
A
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17
Q
  1. Explain the etiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management related to benign skin disorders.
A
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18
Q
  1. Select appropriate nursing interventions to manage the patient with a skin problem.
A
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19
Q
  1. Explain the indications and nursing management related to common cosmetic procedures and skin grafts.
A
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20
Q
  1. Relate the causes of burns to prevention strategies for burn injuries.
A
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21
Q

18 Distinguish between partial-thickness and full-thickness burns.

A
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22
Q
  1. Apply tools used to determine the severity of burns.
A
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23
Q
  1. Compare the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, and interprofessional care throughout the burn phases.
A
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24
Q
  1. (no 21) Compare the fluid and electrolyte shifts during the emergent and acute burn phases.
A
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25
Q
  1. Outline the nutritional needs of the burn patient.
A
26
Q

24 Compare burn wound care techniques and surgical options for partial-thickness and full-thickness burn wounds.

A
27
Q
  1. Prioritize nursing interventions in the management of the burn patient’s physiologic and psychosocial needs.
A
28
Q
  1. Develop a plan of care to prepare the burn patient and caregiver for discharge.
A
29
Q
  1. Examine the physiologic and psychosocial aspects of burn rehabilitation.
A
30
Q
A
31
Q
  1. Describe the structures and functions of the visual system.
A
32
Q
  1. Explain the physiologic processes involved in normal vision.
A
33
Q
  1. Obtain significant subjective and objective assessment data related to the visual system.
A
34
Q
  1. Perform a physical assessment of the visual system using the appropriate techniques.
A
35
Q
  1. Distinguish normal from common abnormal findings of a physical assessment of the visual system.
A
36
Q
  1. Link the age-related changes in the visual system to differences in assessment findings.
A
37
Q
  1. Describe the purpose, significance of results, and nursing responsibilities related to diagnostic studies of the visual system.
A
38
Q
  1. Compare and contrast the types of refractive errors and appropriate corrections.
A
39
Q
  1. Describe the common causes and assistive measures for visual impairment.
A
40
Q
  1. Discuss nursing measures that promote eye health.
A
41
Q
  1. Explain the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and interprofessional and nursing management of the patient with an eye disorder.
A
42
Q
  1. Discuss the general nursing care of patients undergoing eye surgery.
A
43
Q
  1. Describe the structures and functions of the auditory system.
A
44
Q
  1. Obtain significant subjective and objective assessment data related to the auditory system from a patient.
A
45
Q
  1. Perform a physical assessment of the auditory system using the appropriate techniques.
A
46
Q
  1. Distinguish normal from common abnormal findings of a physical assessment of the auditory system.
A
47
Q
  1. Link the age-related changes in the auditory system to differences in assessment findings.
A
48
Q
  1. Describe the purpose, significance of results, and nursing responsibilities related to diagnostic studies of the auditory system.
A
49
Q
  1. Explain the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and nursing and interprofessional management of common ear problems.
A
50
Q
  1. Compare the common causes, management, and rehabilitative potential of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
A
51
Q
  1. Explain the use, care, and patient teaching related to assistive hearing devices.
A
52
Q
  1. Describe measures used to assist the patient in adapting to decreased hearing.
A
53
Q

A Rn is caring for a client who reports a decrease in central vision. RN should ID that this is a manifestation of which of the following visual impairments?
A. Glaucoma
B. Macular degeneration
C. Cataracts
D. Diabetic retinopathy

A

B. Macular degeneration

54
Q

A nurse is preparing to administer an optic medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A

Warm the medication to room temperature before administration

55
Q

A RN is teaching a class about expected changes in the skin in older adults. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Increase in skin thinning
B. Increase in skin elasticity
C. Decrease in subQ tissue
D. Increase in blood supply to skin
E. Decrease in skin hydration

A

A, C, D, E

56
Q

A Rn at an outpatient surgery center is providing d/c teaching to a client and his spouse following surgical removal of a cataract. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

A

Wear clients outdoors

57
Q

RN in an ophthalmology clinic is interviewing a client who was referred by his PCP for suspicion of cataracts. RN should expect the client to report?
A. Loss of central vision
B. Having a loss of peripheral vision
C. Seeing bright flashes of light and floaters
D. Having a decreased ability to perceive colors

A

D. Having a decreased ability to perceive colors

58
Q

RN providing education for a client who has Glaucoma. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. “W/o tx, glaucoma can cause blindness.”
B. Double vision is a common Sx of glaucoma.”
C. Glaucoma is caused by inadequate production of fluid w/in the eye.”
D. “Use of eye drops will improve vision over time.”

A

“Without tx, glaucoma can cause blindness.”

59
Q

A RN is assessing a client at a dermatology. Which of the following findings places the client @ risk for developing malignant melanoma?
A. Female gender
B. Age 19-30yo
C. Dark hair
D. Hx of chronic skin irritation

A

D. Hx of chronic skin irritation
RATIONALE: hx of chronic inflammatory skin irritations are at increased risk for skin cancer. Other RFs include exposure to chronic sunlight, chemical pollution and immunosuppressants

Think: family hx, fair, furry, and fourty

60
Q

RN teaching a class about the epidermis. Which of the following information should the RN include?
A. Epidermis composed of BVs.
B. Epidermis receives nutrition from the dermis.
C. Epidermis is made up of nerves
D. Epidermis contains adipose tissue

A

B
RATIONALE: epidermis is avascular; epidermis contains squamous epithelial cells; dermis layer contains connective tissue, nerves, and BVs (will bleed the most); hypodermis contains adipose tissue to protect and insulate the body

61
Q

Layers of the skin and what is found there (READ SECTION IN BOOK)

A

Red, enflamed and wet for 2nd degree burns

62
Q

RF of malignant melanoma

A

Think: family hx, fair, furry, and fourty

BSN: 4th Quarter (10 decks)

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