Meds/Txs Flashcards
Histamine receptor antagonists that also have anti-muscarinic (sedation, anti-emetic), anti Na-channel (decrease in pain, and anti adrenergic receptor (orthostatic hypotension) action
1st generation anti-histamines - dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, meclizine
dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, meclizine
1st generation Anti-Histamines - Histamine receptor antagonists that also have anti-muscarinic (sedation, anti-emetic), anti Na-channel (decrease in pain, and anti adrenergic receptor (orthostatic hypotension) action
H1 receptor antagonist only, used for allergic rhinitis, decreased CNS penetration
2nd generation anti-histamines - loratidine, cetrizine, fexofenidine
loratidine, cetrizine, fexofenidine
2nd generation anti-histamines - H1 receptor antagonist only, used for allergic rhinitis, decreased CNS penetration
Stimulate alpha-1 receptors (vasoconstriction), used for allergic rhinitis/viral rhinitis, possibility for rebound congestion
Topical decongestants - phenylephrine, oxymetolazine
phenylephrine, oxymetolazine
Topical decongestants - Stimulate alpha-1 receptors (vasoconstriction), used for allergic rhinitis/viral rhinitis, possibility for rebound congestion
Stimulate alpha-1 receptors (vasoconstriction), used for allergic rhinitis/viral rhinitis. longer acting
Oral decongestants - pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine
pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine
Oral decongestants - Stimulate alpha-1 receptors (vasoconstriction), used for allergic rhinitis/viral rhinitis. longer acting
Binds mu-opioid receptors to suppress cough
Anti-tussives - codeine, hydrocodone, dextromethophan
codeine, hydrocodone, dextromethophan
Anti-tussives - Binds mu-opioid receptors to suppress cough
H1 histamine receptor antagonist used for cough
Diphenhydramine
Thought to stimulate secretions in respiratory tract to be less viscous and easier to clear, debatable efficacy
Expectorant - Guaifenisin
Guaifenisin
Expectorant - Thought to stimulate secretions in respiratory tract to be less viscous and easier to clear, debatable efficacy
Splits disulfide bonds to make mucous less viscous, also used in aspirin overdose
Mucolytic - N-acetyl cysteine
N-acetyl cysteine
Mucolytic - Splits disulfide bonds to make mucous less viscous, also used in aspirin overdose
Bind beta-adrenergic receptors to promote bronchodilation and decrease secretions, used in asthma and COPD, has black box warning
Beta-adrenergic Agonists - albuterol, terbutaline, salmeterol, formoterol
albuterol, terbutaline, salmeterol, formoterol
Beta-adrenergic Agonists - Bind beta-adrenergic receptors to promote bronchodilation and decrease secretions, used in asthma and COPD, has black box warning
Inhibit muscarinic receptors promoting bronchodiliation and inhibiting secretions, used only in COPD
Anti-cholinergics - atropine, iprotropium, tiotropium
atropine, iprotropium, tiotropium
Anti-cholinergics - Inhibit muscarinic receptors promoting bronchodiliation and inhibiting secretions, used only in COPD
PLC inhibition and cytokine synthesis inhibition, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, used for acute exacerbations of asthma
Systemic glucocorticoids - prednisone, hydrocortisone, prednisololine, methylprednisolone
prednisone, hydrocortisone, prednisololine, methylprednisolone
Systemic glucocorticoids - PLC inhibition and cytokine synthesis inhibition, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, used for acute exacerbations of asthma
PLC inhibition and cytokine synthesis inhibition, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive,, preferred long-acting control agent in asthma and COPD
Inhaled glucocorticoids - beclomethasone, dipropionate, triamcinolone, aceteonide
beclomethasone, dipropionate, triamcinolone, aceteonide
Inhaled glucocorticoids - PLC inhibition and cytokine synthesis inhibition, anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive,, preferred long-acting control agent in asthma and COPD
Bind beta-adrenergic receptors to promote bronchodilation and decrease secretions, preferred supplementary long-term treatment with inhaled GCS
Long-acting beta-adrenergic agonists (LABA) - salmeterol, formeterol
salmeterol, formeterol
Long-acting beta-adrenergic agonists (LABA) - Bind beta-adrenerigic receptors to promote bronchodilation and decrease secretions, preferred supplementary long-term treatment with inhaled GCS
LT D4 antagonist or 5-lipooxygenase inhibitor, bronchodilate and have anti-inflammatory effects, attenuates exercise-induced asthma
Leukotriene modifiers - montekulast, zafirlukast, zileuton
montekulast, zafirlukast, zileuton
Leukotriene modifiers - LT D4 antagonist or 5-lipooxygenase inhibitor, bronchodilate and have anti-inflammatory effects, attenuates exercise-induced asthma
Binds IgE to prevent IgE binding to mast cells, for allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, subcutaneous
Immunomodulators - anti-ige (omalizumab)
omalizumab
Immunomodulators - Binds IgE to prevent IgE binding to mast cells, for allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, subcutaneous
Inhibits mast cell mediator release, rarely prescribed anymore, inhaled, prevent exercise-induced asthma and allergic pulmonary response
cromolyn/nedocromil
cromolyn/nedocromil
Inhibits mast cell mediator release, rarely prescribed anymore, inhaled, prevent exercise-induced asthma and allergic pulmonary response
PDE inhibitor resulting in bronchodilation and some anti-inflammatory effects, narrow therapeutic window with many DDIs
Theophylline
Theophylline
PDE inhibitor resulting in bronchodilation and some anti-inflammatory effects, narrow therapeutic window with many DDIs
