Meds & Side Effects & poisoning

Question 0

Which med is used as anti hypertensive in opioid withdrawal?

Answer 0

Clonidine-a centrally-acting antihypertensive

Question 1

Nitroprusside-most important side effect

Answer 1

Cyanide accumulation and toxicity, esp in setting of renal failure or when given in high dose or for prolonged period

Manifestations: flushing, then cyanosis; HA, AMS, SEIZURES, coma; arrhythmias, tachypnea followed by resp depression, pulm edema; abd pain, N/V; metabolic acidosis, renal failure

Treatment: stop nitroprusside & give sodium thiosulfate

Question 2

Treatment of lead toxicity

Answer 2

Mild (5-44 ug/dl): no meds
Moderate (45-69 ug/dl): DMSA, succimer
Severe (>/= 70): dimercaprol, EDTA

Question 3

Side effect of dopamine agonists

Answer 3

Visual hallucinations

Question 4

What class of meds is pramipexole & what does it treat?

Answer 4

Dopamine agonist, used to treat Parkinson’s

***initial treatment b/c concerns about longterm efficacy and side effects of levodopa

Question 5

Meds that can cause isolated elevation of creatinine

Answer 5

Cimetidine, probenecid, trimethoprim

All decrease tubular secretion of creatinine

Question 6

Meds that can increase serum digoxin levels, causing digoxin toxicity

Answer 6

Verapamil, quinidine, amiodarone, spironolactone

Digoxin toxicity: N/V, anorexia, fatigue, confusion, visual disturbances, cardiac abnormalities

Question 7

Meds used to treat gastroparesis if not managed w/ small frequent meals (low in fat & fiber)

Answer 7

Metoclopramide, erythromycin

*Stimulate gastric motility